[Footnote 672:  Memoirs of William Whiston, by himself, p. 275.  See also pp. 119 and 155, 156.]

[Footnote 673:  ‘A fact,’ he adds, ’so apparent to Government, both civil and ecclesiastical, that, they have found it necessary to provide rewards and honours for such advances in learning and piety as may best enable the clergy to serve the interests of the Church of Christ,’ a remark which we might have thought ironical did we not know the temper of the times.—­See Watson’s Life of Warburton, 488.]

[Footnote 674:  Anecdotes of the Life of Bishop Watson, i. 116.  He quotes also a remark of D’Alembert:  ’The highest offices in Church and State resemble a pyramid, whose top is accessible to only two sorts of animals, eagles and reptiles.’]

[Footnote 675:  Lives of the Chancellors, vol. v. chap. clxi. p. 656.  Lord Chesterfield makes some bitter remarks on the higher clergy ’with the most indefatigable industry and insatiable greediness, darkening in clouds the levees of kings and ministers,’ &c., quoted in Phillimore’s History of England, during the reign of George III.  Phillimore himself makes some very severe strictures on the sycophancy and greed of the higher clergy.—­See his History, passim.]

[Footnote 676:  The Life gives us the impression that he was a firm believer, that he strove to live a Christian life, that he was very amiable, and that he was quite free from the paltry vice of jealousy at another’s good fortune.]

[Footnote 677:  Memoirs of Bishop Newton, by himself.]

[Footnote 678:  Bishop Watson was a decidedly able writer, and he never allowed himself to be the tool of any party.  He says of himself with perfect, truth, ’I have hitherto followed and shall continue to follow my own judgment in all public transactions.’]

[Footnote 679:  Raikes established the first of his Sunday schools in 1781, but it is certain that one was established before this by Hannah Ball at High Wycombe in 1769, and it is probable that there were also others.  Mr. Buckle says they were established by Lindsay in or immediately after 1765. (History of Civilisation, i. 302, note.) However, to Raikes belongs the credit of bringing the institution prominently before the public.  It may be noticed that Raikes was a decided Churchman.  His son contradicts almost indignantly the notion which became prevalent that he was a Dissenter.  One of the rules of Raikes’s Gloucester Sunday school was that the scholars should attend the cathedral service.  There was a strong prejudice against Sunday schools among some of the clergy, but it was combated by others.  Paley, in one of his charges, tried to disabuse his clergy of this prejudice, and so did several other dignitaries.  But Bishop Horsley, in his charge at Rochester, made some severe remarks against Sunday schools.  See Life of R. Hill, p. 428.  The evangelical clergy, of course, warmly took up the Sunday school scheme.  In this, as in many other cases, the Church was responsible for the remedy as well as the abuse.]