Page 268. ‘Et en effet la population,’ &c.  Page 270. ’Plus de confiance.’

To this, we answer, that no such census of the numbers was ever given out by Congress, nor ever presented to them:  and further, that Congress never have, at any time, declared by their vote, the number of inhabitants in their respective States.  On the 22nd of June, 1775, they first resolved to emit paper money.  The sum resolved on was two millions of dollars.  They declared, then, that the twelve confederate colonies (for Georgia had not yet joined them) should be pledged for the redemption of these bills.  To ascertain in what proportion each State should be bound, the members from each were desired to say, as nearly as they could, what was the number of the inhabitants of their respective States.  They were very much unprepared for such a declaration.  They guessed, however, as well as they could.  The following are the numbers, as they conjectured them, and the consequent apportionment of the two millions of dollars.

[Illustration:  Population Estimates—­1775, page422]

Georgia, having not yet acceded to the measures of the other States, was not quotaed; but her numbers were generally estimated at about thirty thousand, and so would have made the whole, two million four hundred and forty-eight thousand persons, of every condition.  But it is to be observed, that though Congress made this census the basis of their apportionment, yet they did not even give it a place on their journals; much less, publish it to the world with their sanction.  The way it got abroad was this.  As the members declared from their seats the number of inhabitants which they conjectured to be in their State, the secretary of Congress wrote them on a piece of paper, calculated the portion of two millions of dollars, to be paid by each, and entered the sum only in the journals.  The members, however, for their own satisfaction, and the information of their States, took copies of this enumeration, and sent them to their States.  From thence, they got into the public papers:  and when the English news-writers found it answer their purpose to compare this with the enumeration of 1783, as their principle is ’to lie boldly, that they may not be suspected of lying,’ they made it amount to three millions one hundred and thirty-seven thousand eight hundred and nine, and ascribed its publication to Congress itself.

in April, 1785, Congress being to call on the States to raise a million and a half of dollars annually, for twenty-five years, it was necessary to apportion this among them.  The States had never furnished them with their exact numbers.  It was agreed, too, that in this apportionment, five slaves should be counted as three freemen only.  The preparation of this business was in the hands of a committee; they applied to the members for the best information they could give them, of the numbers of their States.  Some of the States had taken pains to discover their