INK.

Ink is made by mixing lamp-black with the white of egg.  To procure the former they suspend over a burning lamp an earthen pot, the bottom of which is moistened, in order to make the soot adhere to it.

DESIGNING.

Painting and drawing they are quite strangers to.  In carving, both in wood and ivory, they are curious and fanciful, but their designs are always grotesque and out of nature.  The handles of the krises are the most common subjects of their ingenuity in this art, which usually exhibit the head and beak of a bird, with the folded arms of a human creature, not unlike the representation of one of the Egyptian deities.  In cane and basketwork they are particularly neat and expert; as well as in mats, of which some kinds are much prized for their extreme fineness and ornamental borders.

LOOMS.

Silk and cotton cloths, of varied colours, manufactured by themselves, are worn by the natives in all parts of the country; especially by the women.  Some of their work is very fine, and the patterns prettily fancied.  Their loom or apparatus for weaving (tunun) is extremely defective, and renders their progress tedious.  One end of the warp being made fast to a frame, the whole is kept tight, and the web stretched out by means of a species of yoke, which is fastened behind the body, when the person weaving sits down.  Every second of the longitudinal threads, or warp, passes separately through a set of reeds, like the teeth of a comb, and the alternate ones through another set.  These cross each other, up and down, to admit the woof, not from the extremities, as in our looms, nor effected by the feet, but by turning edgeways two flat sticks which pass between them.  The shuttle (turak) is a hollow reed about sixteen inches long, generally ornamented on the outside, and closed at one end, having in it a small bit of stick, on which is rolled the woof or shoot.  The silk cloths have usually a gold head.  They use sometimes another kind of loom, still more simple than this, being no more than a frame in which the warp is fixed, and the woof darned with a long small-pointed shuttle.  For spinning the cotton they make use of a machine very like ours.  The women are expert at embroidery, the gold and silver thread for which is procured from China, as well as their needles.  For common work their thread is the pulas before mentioned, or else filaments of the pisang (musa).

EARTHENWARE.

Different kinds of earthenware, I have elsewhere observed, are manufactured in the island.

PERFUMES.

They have a practice of perfuming their hair with oil of benzoin, which they distil themselves from the gum by a process doubtless of their own invention.  In procuring it a priuk, or earthen rice-pot, covered close, is used for a retort.  A small bamboo is inserted in the side of the vessel, and well luted with clay and ashes, from which the oil drops as it comes over.  Along with the benzoin they put into the retort a mixture of sugar-cane and other articles that contribute little or nothing to the quantity or quality of the distillation; but no liquid is added.  This oil is valued among them at a high price, and can only be used by the superior rank of people.