[Footnote 14:  From a paper by Mr. Breen, in the ’Popular Science Review,’ October, 1864.]

[Footnote 15:  ‘Intellectual Observer’ for July, 1867, to which magazine the reader is referred for full details of Mr. Howlett’s method of observation, and for illustrations of the appliances he made use of, and of some of his results.]

[Footnote 16:  As the sun does not attain such an altitude as 18 deg. during two months in the year, it is well to notice that the true length of the sun’s apparent solar diameter is determinable even immediately after sun-rise, if the line of graduation is made to coincide with the horizontal diameter of the picture on the screen—­for refraction does not affect the length of this diameter.]

[Footnote 17:  The words “Left” and “Right” indicate which end of the sun’s ecliptical diameter is uppermost at the dates in upper or lower row respectively.]

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