the eulogium with an epigram and two richly-wrought
cups, and told Milton that he would have shown him
more observance still if he could have abstained from
religious controversy. Milton had not acted on
Sir Henry Wootton’s advice to him,
il volto
sciolto, i pensieri stretti. “I had
made this resolution with myself,” he says,
“not of my own accord to introduce conversation
about religion; but, if interrogated respecting the
faith, whatsoever I should suffer, to dissemble nothing.”
To this resolution he adhered, he says, during his
second two months’ visit to Rome, notwithstanding
threats of Jesuit molestation, which probably were
not serious. At Florence his friends received
him with no less warmth than if they had been his
countrymen, and with them he spent another two months.
His way to Venice lay through Bologna and Ferrara,
and if his sonnets in the Italian language were written
in Italy, and all addressed to the same person, it
was probably at Bologna, since the lady is spoken
of as an inhabitant of “Reno’s grassy vale,”
and the Reno is a river between Bologna and Ferrara.
But there are many difficulties in the way of this
theory, and, on the whole, it seems most reasonable
to conclude that the sonnets were composed in England,
and that their autobiographical character is at least
doubtful. That nominally inscribed to Diodati,
however, would well suit Leonora Baroni. Diodati
had been buried in Blackfriars on August 27, 1638,
but Milton certainly did not learn the fact until
after his visit to Naples, and possibly not until
he came to pass some time at Geneva with Diodati’s
uncle. He had come to Geneva from Venice, where
he had made some stay, shipping off to England a cargo
of books collected in Italy, among which were many
of “immortal notes and Tuscan air.”
These, we may assume, he found awaiting him when he
again set foot on his native soil, about the end of
July, 1639.
Milton’s conduct on his return justifies Wordsworth’s
commendation:—
“Thy
heart
The lowliest duties on herself
did lay.”
Full, as his notebooks of the period attest, of magnificent
aspiration for “flights above the Aonian mount,”
he yet quietly sat down to educate his nephews, and
lament his friend. His brother-in-law Phillips
had been dead eight years, leaving two boys, Edward
and John, now about nine and eight respectively.
Mrs. Phillips’s second marriage had added two
daughters to the family, and from whatever cause, it
was thought best that the education of the sons should
be conducted by their uncle. So it came to pass
that “he took him a lodging in St. Bride’s
Churchyard, at the house of one Russel, a tailor;”
Christopher Milton continuing to live with his father.