Look you here,
Here is himself, marred, as you see, with traitors.
1st Cit.  O piteous spectacle!
2d Cit.  O noble Caesar!
3d Cit.  We will be revenged! 
All.  Revenge!  About!  Seek!  Burn!  Fire! 
Kill!  Slay!  Let not a traitor live. 
Ant.  Stay, countrymen.
1st Cit.  Peace there! hear the noble Antony. 2d Cit.  We’ll hear him, we’ll follow him, we’ll die with him.  Ant.  Good friends, sweet friends, let me not stir you up
To such a sudden flood of mutiny. 
They that have done this deed are honorable: 
What private griefs they have, alas, I know not,
That made them do it; they are wise and honorable,
And will, no doubt, with reasons answer you.

I come not, friends, to steal away your hearts: 
I am no orator, as Brutus is;
But, as you know me all, a plain, blunt man,
That love my friend; and that they know full well
That gave me public leave to speak of him: 
For I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth,
Action, nor utterance, nor the power of speech,
To stir men’s blood:  I only speak right on: 
I tell you that which you yourselves do know;
Show you sweet Caesar’s wounds, poor, poor, dumb mouths,
And bid them speak for me:  but were I Brutus,
And Brutus Antony, there were an Antony
Would ruffle up your spirits, and put a tongue
In every wound of Caesar, that should move
The stones of Rome to rise and mutiny.

Shakespeare.—­Julius Caesar, Act iii, Scene ii.

Notes.—­Gaius Julius Caesar (b. 102, d. 44 B. C.) was the most remarkable genius of the ancient world, Caesar ruled Rome as imperator five years and a half, and, in the intervals of seven campaigns during that time, spent only fifteen months in Rome.  Under his rule Rome was probably at her best, and his murder at once produced a state of anarchy.

The conspirators against Caesar—­among whom were Brutus, Cassius and Casca—­professed to be moved by honest zeal for the good of Rome; but their own ambition was no doubt the true motive, except with Brutus.

Mark Antony was a strong friend of Julius Caesar.  Upon the latter’s death, Antony, by his funeral oration, incited the people and drove the conspirators from Rome.

The Lupercal was a festival of purification and expiation held in Rome on the 15th of February.  Antony was officiating as priest at this festival when he offered the crown to Caesar.

In his will Caesar left to every citizen of Rome a sum of money, and bequeathed his private gardens to the public.

The Nervii were one of the most warlike tribes of Celtic Gaul.  Caesar almost annihilated them in 57 B. C.

Pompey, once associated with Caesar in the government of Rome, was afterwards at war with him.  He was murdered by those who thought to propitiate Caesar, but the latter wept when Pompey’s head was sent to him, and had the murderers put to death.