“It strikes me,” said Arthur, “that our slaves are not born free.”
“They ought to be so, then,” said Mr. Hubbard.
“Ah! there you arraign the Creator,” said Arthur; “I must stop now.”
“What do you think is the meaning of the text ’Cursed be Canaan, a servant of servants shall he be unto his brethren,’ Hubbard?” said Abel.
“I don’t think it justifies slavery,” said Hubbard.
“Well, what does it mean?” said Abel. “It must mean something. Now I am at present between two doctrines; so I am neither on your nor on Arthur’s side. If I can’t live one way I must another; and these are hard times. If I can’t distinguish myself in law, divinity, or physic, or as an artist, which I would prefer, I may turn planter, or may turn Abolition agent. I must do something for my living. Having no slaves I can’t turn planter; therefore there is more probability of my talents finding their way to the Abolition ranks; so give me all the information you can on the subject.”
“Go to the Bible,” said Mr. Hubbard, “and learn your duty to your fellow-creatures.”
“Well, here is a Bible my mother sent here for Arthur and myself, with the commentaries. This is Scott’s Commentary. Where is Canaan?” said he, turning over the leaves; “he is very hard to be got at.”
“You are too far over,” said Arthur, laughing, “you are not in the habit of referring to Scott.”
“Here it is,” said Abel, “’Cursed be Canaan, a servant of servants shall he be unto his brethren.’ And in another verse we see ’God shall enlarge Japheth, and he shall dwell in the tents of Shem, and Canaan shall be his servant.’ So we are Japheth and Shem, and the colored population are Canaan. Is that it, Arthur?” said Abel.
“See what Scott says, Abel,” said Arthur; “I’m not a commentator.”
“Well, here it is,—’There is no authority for altering the text, and reading, as some do, Cursed be Ham, the father of Canaan, yet the frequent mention of Ham, as the father of Canaan, suggests the thought that the latter was also criminal. Ham is thought to be second, and not the youngest son of Noah; and if so, the words, ‘Knew what his younger son had done,’ refers to Canaan, his grandson. Ham must have felt it a very mortifying rebuke, when his own father was inspired on this occasion to predict the durable oppression and slavery of his posterity. Canaan was also rebuked, by learning that the curse would especially rest on that branch of the family which should descend from him; for his posterity were no doubt principally, though not exclusively, intended.’”
“Now,” continued Abel, “I shall have to turn planter, and get my niggers as I can; for I’ll be hanged if it wasn’t a curse, and a predicted one, too.”
“That does not make it right,” said Mr. Hubbard.
“Don’t it,” said Abel; “well, if it should be fated for me to turn parson, I shan’t study divinity with you, for my mother has told me often, that God’s prophecies were right, and were fulfilled, too; as I think this one has been.”