Amusements in Mathematics eBook

Henry Dudeney
This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 597 pages of information about Amusements in Mathematics.

Amusements in Mathematics eBook

Henry Dudeney
This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 597 pages of information about Amusements in Mathematics.

          C
    +—­+—­+—­+—­+
    | 6| 9| 4|15|
    +—­+—­+—­+—­+
    | 1|12| 7|10|
    +—­+—­+—­+—­+
    | 8| 5|14| 3|
    +—­+—­+—­+—­+
    |13| 2|11|**|
    +—­+—­+—­+—­+

          D
    +—­+—­+—­+—­+
    | 6|11| 4|15|
    +—­+—­+—­+—­+
    | 1|14| 7|10|
    +—­+—­+—­+—­+
    | 8| 5|12| 3|
    +—­+—­+—­+—­+
    |13| 2| 9|**|
    +—­+—­+—­+—­+

[Illustration:  A, B, C, D]

As a matter of fact, the position C can be reached in as few as sixty-six moves in the following manner:  12, 11, 15, 12, 11, 8, 4, 3, 2, 6, 5, 1, 6, 5, 10, 15, 8, 4, 3, 2, 5, 10, 15, 8, 4, 3, 2, 5, 10, 15, 8, 4, 12, 11, 3, 2, 5, 10, 15, 6, 1, 8, 4, 9, 8, 1, 6, 4, 9, 12, 2, 5, 10, 15, 4, 9, 12, 2, 5, 3, 11, 14, 2, 5, 14, 11 = 66 moves.  Though this is the shortest that I know of, and I do not think it can be beaten, I cannot state positively that there is not a shorter way yet to be discovered.  The most tempting arrangement is certainly A; but things are not what they seem, and C is really the easiest to reach.

If the bottom left-hand corner cell might be left vacant, the following is a solution in forty-five moves by Mr. R. Elrick:  15, 11, 10, 9, 13, 14, 11, 10, 7, 8, 4, 3, 8, 6, 9, 7, 12, 4, 6, 9, 5, 13, 7, 5, 13, 1, 2, 13, 5, 7, 1, 2, 13, 8, 3, 6, 9, 12, 7, 11, 14, 1, 11, 14, 1.  But every man has moved.

344.—­THE KENNEL PUZZLE.

The first point is to make a choice of the most promising knight’s string and then consider the question of reaching the arrangement in the fewest moves.  I am strongly of opinion that the best string is the one represented in the following diagram, in which it will be seen that each successive number is a knight’s move from the preceding one, and that five of the dogs (1, 5, 10, 15, and 20) never leave their original kennels.

+-----+------+------+------+------+
|1    |2     |3     |4     |5     |
|     |      |      |      |      |
|   1 |  18  |   9  |  14  |   5  |
|     |      |      |      |      |
+-----+------+------+------+------+
|6    |7     |8     |9     |10    |
|     |      |      |      |      |
|   8 |  13  |   4  |  19  |  10  |
|     |      |      |      |      |
+-----+------+------+------+------+
|11   |12    |13    |14    |15    |
|     |      |      |      |      |
|  17 |   2  |  11  |   6  |  15  |
|     |      |      |      |      |
+-----+------+------+------+------+
|16   |17    |18    |19    |20    |
|     |      |      |      |      |
|  12 |   7  |  16  |   3  |  20  |
|     |      |      |      |      |
+-----+------+------+------+------+
|21   |22    |23    |24    |25    |
|     |      |      |      |      |
|     |      |      |      |      |
|     |      |      |      |      |
+-----+------+------+------+------+

[Illustration]

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Amusements in Mathematics from Project Gutenberg. Public domain.