[348:6] “Philosophumena,” book ix.

[349:1] It is probable that the bishop was at first chosen by lot out of a leet of three selected by the presbytery from among its members. (See preceding chapter, p. 333, note.) An appointment was now made out of this leet of three, not by lot, but by popular suffrage.

[349:2] Euseb. vi. 29.

[350:1] Evidently from [Greek:  kata], down, and [Greek:  kumbos], a cavity.  Mr Northcote, in his work on the “Roman Catacombs,” published in 1857, calculates that the streets in all, taken together, are 900 miles long!

[350:2] See “Three Introductory Lectures on Ecclesiastical History,” by William Lee, D.D., of Trinity College, Dublin, p. 27.

[350:3] It is probable that many were condemned to labour in these mines as a punishment for having embraced Christianity.  See Lee’s “Three Lectures,” p. 28.

[350:4] Maitland’s “Church in the Catacombs,” p. 24.  Dr Maitland visited Rome in 1841, but his inspection of the Lapidarian Gallery seems to have been regarded with extreme jealousy by the authorities there.  After having obtained a licence “to make some memoranda in drawing in that part of the Museum,” he was officially informed that “his permission did not extend to the inscriptions”, and the communication was accompanied by a demand that “the copies already made should be given up.”  To his refusal to yield to this mandate we are indebted for many important memorials to be found in his interesting volume.

[351:1] See Maitland, pp. 27-29.

[352:1] Maitland, p. 14.

[352:2] Maitland, pp. 33, 41, 43, 170.

[352:3] “Philosophumena,” book ix.

[352:4] As Carthage now furnished Rome with marble and granite, it is probable that the quarrymen and sand-diggers of the catacombs came frequently into contact with the Carthaginian sailors; and we may thus see how, in the time of Cyprian, there were such facilities for epistolary intercourse between the Churches of Rome and Carthage.  Under favourable circumstances, the mariner could accomplish the voyage between the two ports in two or three days.

[353:1] “Philosophumena,” book ix.  Tertullian corroborates the charges of Hippolytus.  See “De Pudicitia,” cap. i.

[353:2] We know, however, that, long after this period, married bishops were to be found almost everywhere.  One of the most eminent martyrs in the Diocletian persecution was a bishop who had a wife and children.  See Eusebius, viii. c.9.  Clemens Romanus, reputed one of the early bishops of the Western capital, speaks as a married man.  See his “Epistle to the Corinthians,” Sec. 21.

[353:3] Maitland, pp. 191-193.  These inscriptions may be found also in Aringhi, i. 421, 419.

[353:4] Aringhi, ii. pp. 228; Rome, 1651.

[354:1] Cyprian to Antonianus, Epist. lii, p. 151.

[355:1] Cyprian speaks of “the blessed martyrs, Cornelius and Lucius.”  Epist. lxvii. p. 250.