The words immediately succeeding those which we have
quoted clearly shew that he dated the origin of prelacy
after the days of the apostles. “Should
any one think that the identification of bishop and
presbyter, the one being a name of age and the other
of office, is not a doctrine of Scripture, but our
own opinion, let him refer to the words of the apostle
saying to the Philippians-’Paul and Timotheus,
the servants of Jesus Christ, to all the saints in
Christ Jesus which are at Philippi, with the bishops
and deacons, Grace to you and peace,’ [525:3]
and so forth. Philippi is one city of Macedonia,
and truly in one city, there cannot be, as is thought,
more than one bishop; but because, at that time, they
called the same parties bishops and presbyters, therefore
he speaks of bishops as of presbyters without making
distinction. Still this may seem doubtful to
some unless confirmed by another testimony. In
the Acts of the Apostles it is written [526:1] that
when the apostle came to Miletus he ‘sent to
Ephesus and called the elders of the same Church,’
to whom then, among other things, he said—’Take
heed to yourselves and to all the flock over which
the Holy Ghost has made you bishops, [526:2] to feed
the Church of the Lord which He has purchased with
His own blood.’ And attend specially to
this, how, calling the elders of the one city Ephesus,
he afterwards addressed the same as bishops. Whoever
is prepared to receive that Epistle which is written
to the Hebrews under the name of Paul, [526:3] there
also the care of the Church is divided equally among
more than one, since he writes to the people—’Obey
them that have the rule over you and submit
yourselves, for they are they who watch for your souls
as those who must give account, that they may not
do it with grief, since this is profitable for you.’
[526:4] And Peter, who received his name from the
firmness of his faith, in his Epistle speaks, saying—’The
elders, therefore, who are among you, I exhort,
who am also an elder, and a witness of the sufferings
of Christ, and who am a partaker of his glory which
shall be revealed, feed that flock of the Lord which
is among you, not by constraint but willingly.’
[527:1] We may thus shew that anciently bishops and
presbyters were the same; but, by degrees,
THAT THE PLANTS OF DISSENSION MIGHT BE ROOTED UP,
all care was transferred to one. As, therefore,
the presbyters know that, in accordance with the
custom of the Church, they are subject to him
who has been set over them, so the bishops should know
that they are greater than the presbyters, rather
by custom, than by the truth of an arrangement
of the Lord.” [527:2]