Edward turned back from Dunbar to receive the submission of the Steward of Scotland at Roxburgh, and to welcome a large force of Welsh infantry, whose arrival enabled him to dismiss the English foot, fatigued with the slight effort of a month’s easy campaigning.  Thence he made his way to Edinburgh, which yielded after an eight days’ siege.  Stirling castle, the next barrier to his progress, was abandoned by its garrison, and there Edward was reinforced by some Irish contingents.  He then advanced to Perth, keeping St. John’s feast on June 24 in St. John’s own town.  On July 10 Balliol surrendered to the Bishop of Durham at Brechin, acknowledging that he had forfeited his throne by his rebellion.  Edward continued his triumphal progress, preceded at every stage by Bishop Bek at the head of the warriors of the palatinate of St. Cuthbert.  He made his way through Montrose up the east coast to Aberdeen, and thence up the Don and over the hills to Banff and Elgin, the farthest limit of his advance.  He returned by a different route, bringing back with him from Scone the stone on which the Scots kings had been wont to sit at their coronation.  This he presented as a trophy of victory to the monks of Westminster, where it was set up as a chair for the priest celebrating mass at the altar over against the shrine of St. Edward, though soon used as the coronation seat of English kings.

In less than five months Edward had conquered a kingdom.  On August 22 he was back at Berwick, whither he had summoned a parliament of the nobles and prelates of both kingdoms, in order that the work of organising the future government of Scotland might be completed.  Meanwhile a crowd of Scots of every class flocked to the victor’s court and took oaths of fealty to him.  Their names, along with those of the persons who made similar recognitions of his sovereignly during his Scottish progress, were recorded with notarial precision in one of those formal documents with which Edward delighted to mark the stages in the accomplishment of his task.  This record, popularly styled the Ragman Roll, containing the names of about two thousand freeholders and men of substance in Scotland, is of extreme value to the Scottish genealogist and antiquary.[1] The last entries are dated August 28, the day on which Edward met his parliament at Berwick.  The administration of Scotland was provided for.  John, Earl Warenne, became the king’s lieutenant, Hugh Cressingham, treasurer, and William Ormesby, justiciar.  When the land was subdued Edward showed a strong desire to treat the people well.  The only precaution taken by him against the renewal of disturbances was an order that the former King of Scots, John Comyn of Buchan, John Comyn of Badenoch, and other magnates of the patriotic party were to dwell in England, south of the Trent, until the conclusion of the war with France.  As soon as his business was accomplished at Berwick, Edward turned his steps southwards.  At last he seemed free to lead a great army against