and then gentleness.  The popular notion certainly adds a condition of ease and fortune; but that is a natural result of personal force and love, that they should possess and dispense the goods of the world.  In times of violence, every eminent person must fall in with many opportunities to approve his stoutness and worth; therefore every man’s name that emerged at all from the mass in the feudal ages,[379] rattles in our ear like a flourish of trumpets.  But personal force never goes out of fashion.  That is still paramount to-day, and, in the moving crowd of good society, the men of valor and reality are known, and rise to their natural place.  The competition is transferred from war to politics and trade, but the personal force appears readily enough in these new arenas.

4.  Power first, or no leading class.  In politics and in trade, bruisers and pirates are of better promise than talkers and clerks.  God knows[380] that all sorts of gentlemen knock at the door; but whenever used in strictness, and with any emphasis, the name will be found to point at original energy.  It describes a man standing in his own right, and working after untaught methods.  In a good lord, there must first be a good animal, at least to the extent of yielding the incomparable advantage of animal spirits.[381] The ruling class must have more, but they must have these, giving in every company the sense of power,[382] which makes things easy to be done which daunt the wise.  The society of the energetic class, in their friendly and festive meetings, is full of courage, and of attempts, which intimidate the pale scholar.  The courage which girls exhibit is like a battle of Lundy’s Lane,[383] or a sea-fight.  The intellect relies on memory to make some supplies to face these extemporaneous squadrons.  But memory is a base mendicant with basket and badge, in the presence of these sudden masters.  The rulers of society must be up to the work of the world, and equal to their versatile office:  men of the right Caesarian pattern,[384] who have great range of affinity.  I am far from believing the timid maxim[385] of Lord Falkland,[386] ("That for ceremony there must go two to it; since a bold fellow will go through the cunningest forms,”) and am of opinion that the gentleman is the bold fellow whose forms are not to be broken through; and only that plenteous nature is rightful master, which is the complement of whatever person it converses with.  My gentleman gives the law where he is; he will outpray saints in chapel, outgeneral veterans in the field, and outshine all courtesy in the hall.  He is good company for pirates, and good with academicians; so that it is useless to fortify yourself against him; he has the private entrance to all minds, and I could as easily exclude myself as him.  The famous gentlemen of Asia and Europe have been of this strong type:  Saladin,[387] Sapor,[388] the Cid,[389] Julius Caesar,[390] Scipio,[391] Alexander,[392] Pericles,[393] and the lordliest personages.  They sat very carelessly in their chairs, and were too excellent themselves to value any condition at a high rate.