[Footnote 274:  Comte de las Cases (not Casas) (1766-1842), author of Memorial de Sainte-Helene.]

[Footnote 275:  Ali, Arabian caliph, surnamed the “Lion of God,” cousin and son-in-law of Mohammed.  He was assassinated about 661.]

[Footnote 276:  The county of Essex in England has several namesakes in America.]

[Footnote 277:  Fortune.  In Roman mythology Fortune, the goddess of fortune or chance, is represented as standing on a ball or wheel.

“Nec metuis dubio Fortunae stantis in orbe
Numen, et exosae verba superba deae?”
OVID, Tristia, v., 8, 8.

]

FRIENDSHIP

[Footnote 278:  Most of Emerson’s Essays were first delivered as lectures, in practically the form in which they afterwards appeared in print.  The form and style, it is true, were always carefully revised before publication; this Emerson called ’giving his thoughts a Greek dress.’  His essay on Friendship, published in the First Series of Essays in 1841 was not, so far as we know, delivered as a lecture; parts of it, however, were taken from lectures which Emerson delivered on Society, The Heart, and Private Life.

In connection with his essay on Friendship, the student should read the two other notable addresses on the same subject, one the speech by Cicero, the famous Roman orator, and the other the essay by Lord Bacon, the great English author.]

[Footnote 279:  Relume.  Is this a common word?  Define it.]

[Footnote 280:  Pass my gate.  The walk opposite Emerson’s house on the ‘Great Road’ to Boston was a favorite winter walk for Concord people.  Along it passed the philosophic Alcott and the imaginative Hawthorne, as well as famous townsmen, and school children.]

[Footnote 281:  My friends have come to me, etc.:  Compare with Emerson’s views here expressed the noble passage in his essay on The Over-Soul:  “Every friend whom not thy fantastic will but the great and tender heart in thee craveth, shall lock thee in his embrace.  And this because the heart in thee is the heart of all; not a valve, not a wall, not an intersection is there anywhere in nature, but one blood rolls uninterruptedly in endless circulation through all men, as the water of the globe is all one sea, and, truly seen, its tide is one.”]

[Footnote 282:  Bard.  Poet:  originally one who composed and sang to the music of a harp verses in honor of heroes and heroic deeds.]

[Footnote 283:  Hymn, ode, and epic.  Define each of these three kinds of poetry.]

[Footnote 284:  Apollo.  In classic mythology, the sun god who presided over music, poetry, and art; he was the guardian and leader of the Muses.]

[Footnote 285:  Muses.  In classic mythology, the nine sisters who presided over music, poetry, art, and science.  They were Clio the muse of history, Euterpe of music, especially the flute, Thalia of comedy, Melpomene of tragedy, Terpsichore of dancing, Erato of erotic poetry, mistress of the lyre, Polyhymnia of sacred poetry, Urania of astronomy, Calliope of eloquence and epic poetry.]