For the field.

Harrows          Mole spear        Beetles
Forks            Mole traps        Roller
Sickles          Weedhooks         Cradle scythe
Reaphooks        Pitchforks        Seedlip[350]
Sledds           Rakes

  For the barn and stable.

    Flails Pannels (pillions) Pails
    Winnowing fan Pack-saddles Mane combs
    Sieves Cart lines Goads
    Sacks Ladders Yokes
    Bins Corn measures Wanteyes[351]
    Curry combs Brooms Suffingles (surcingles?)
    Whips Skeps (baskets) Screens for corn. 
    Harness

For the meadows and pastures.

Scythes Pitchforks Cutting spade for hayrick
Rakes Fetters and clogs Horse-locks. 
Besides many tools.

A considerable variety of manures were in use, chalk, lime, marl, fuller’s earth, clay, sand, sea-weed, river-weed, oyster shells, fish, dung, ashes, soot, salt, rags, hair, malt dust, bones, horns, and the bark of trees.  Of the oyster shells Worlidge says, ’I am credibly informed that an ingenious gentleman living near the seaside laid on his lands great quantities, which made his neighbours laugh at him (as usually they do at anything besides their own clownish road or custom of ignorance),’ and after a year or two’s exposure to the weather ‘they exceedingly enriched his land for many years after.’  The bones then used were marrow-bones and fish bones, or ’whatever hath any oiliness or fatness in it’, but the bones of horses and other animals were also used, burnt before being applied to the land, crushing not being thought of till many years after.

In 1688 Gregory King,[352] who was much more accurate than most statisticians of his time, gave the following estimate of the land of England and Wales:—­

Acres.  Per acre.

Arable 9,000,000 worth to rent 5s. 6d. 
Pasture and meadow 12,000,000 " " 8s. 8d. 
Woods and coppices 3,000,000 " " 5s. 
Forests and parks 3,000,000 " " 3s. 8d. 
Barren land 10,000,000 " " 1s. 
Houses, gardens, churches, &c. 1,000,000
Water and roads 1,000,000
----------
Total:  39,000,000

He valued the live stock of England and Wales at L18-1/4 millions, and estimated the produce of the arable land in England at: 

Million          Value
bushels.       per bushel.

Wheat          14            3s. 6d. 
Rye            10            2s. 6d. 
Barley         27            2s. 0d. 
Oats           16            1s. 6d. 
Peas            7            2s. 6d. 
Beans           4            2s. 6d. 
Vetches         1            2s. 6d.

The same statistician drew up a scheme of the income and expenditure of the ‘several families’ in England in 1688, the population being 5-1/2 millions[353]:—­