From Silesia, Mansfeld marched into Hungary, still pursued by Wallenstein.  Here he was badly received, because he had not brought the money expected by the king.  His retreat cut off, and without the means of procuring supplies in that remote country, the valiant warrior found himself at the end of his resources.  Return was impossible, for Wallenstein occupied the roads.  In the end he was forced to sell his artillery and ammunition, disband his army, and proceed southward towards Venice, whence he hoped to reach England and procure a new supply of funds.  But on arriving at the village of Urakowitz, in Bosnia, his strength, worn out by incessant struggles and fatigues, gave way, and the noble warrior, the last hope of Protestantism in Germany, as it seemed, breathed his last, a disheartened fugitive.

On feeling the approach of death, he had himself clothed in his military coat, and his sword buckled to his side.  Thus equipped, and standing between two friends, who supported him upright, the brave Mansfeld breathed his last.  His death left his cause almost without a supporter, for the same year his friend, Duke Christian of Brunswick, expired, and with them the Protestants lost their only able leaders; King Christian of Denmark, their principal successor, being greatly wanting in the requisites of military genius.

Ferdinand seemed triumphant and the cause of his opponents lost.  All opposition, for the time, was at an end.  Tilly, whose purposes were the complete restoration of Catholicism in Germany, held the provinces conquered by him with an iron hand.  Wallenstein, who seemingly had in view the weakening of the power of the League and the raising of the emperor to absolutism, broke down all opposition before his irresistible march.

His army had gradually increased till it numbered one hundred thousand men,—­a host which it cost him nothing to support, for it subsisted on the devastated country.  He advanced through Silesia, driving all his enemies before him; marched into Holstein, in order to force the King of Denmark to leave Germany; invaded and devastated Jutland and Silesia; and added to his immense estate the duchy of Sagan and the whole of Mecklenburg, which latter was given him by the emperor in payment of his share of the expenses of the war.  This raised him to the rank of prince.  As for Denmark, he proposed to get rid of its king and have Ferdinand elected in his stead.

The career of this incomprehensible man had been strangely successful.  Not a shadow of reverse had met him.  What he really intended no one knew.  As his enemies decreased he increased his forces.  Was it the absolutism of the emperor or of himself that he sought?  Several of the princes appealed to Ferdinand to relieve their dominions from the oppressive burden of war, but the emperor was weaker than his general, and dared not act against him.  The whole of north Germany lay prostrate beneath the powerful warrior, and obeyed his slightest nod.  He lived in a style of pomp and ostentation far beyond that of the emperor himself.  His officers imitated him in extravagance.  Even his soldiers lived in luxury.  To support this lavish display many thousands of human beings languished in misery, starvation threatened whole provinces, and destitution everywhere prevailed.