ELIZABETH, queen, Spanish armada in her reign not equal to the privateers of our merchants now, 8.—­Endeavoured to enrich the country, 118.

EMIGRANT ladies, astonishment shewn by them at the little progress made in female education at public schools in this country, 228.

ENERGY of those who attack greater than that of they =sic= who defend, 17.—­Occasioned by poverty, and necessity the cause of changes and revolution, 19.

ENGLAND began to see the advantages of manufactures and commerce very late, 48, 74.—­Its form of government a great advantage, 191.—­Manners likely to change, 193.—­Increase of its trade since 1791, owing to temporary causes, 195.—­The American and Russian markets great and increasing, 204.—­Envy and enmity excited by its conquests in India, 206.—­Effects of taxation on it, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233.—­Its national debt, 234 to 246.—­Causes of decline peculiar to it, 257 to 260.—­Circumstances peculiarly favourable to it, 261 to 270.—­Ought not to be envied for its possessions in India 291.—­ Owes its wealth chiefly to internal industry, 293.

ENVY leads to rivalship in peace and brings on war, 14.—­One of the external causes of the fall of nations, 175.—­Occasioned the fall of Jerusalem after the death of Solomon, 177.—­Excited by the wealth of England, and particularly by its possessions in the east, 206.

ESPRIT DE CORPS.  See Bodies public and corporate.

EUPHRATES.  See Syria.

EUROPE, wealth and power unequally divided in it, 13.—­Division of states, with the population and revenues, illustrated by a statistical chart,190.

EXCISE, established long after the customs, 107.

EXPENDITURE of England consists chiefly in interest of debt, 233.—­
Cannot by any economy be much reduced in time of peace. ib.

EXPORTS, chart shewing, 213.

EXTERNAL causes of decline, cannot be prevented altogether by internal arrangements, but their effect greatly diminished, 173.—­More simple than the internal causes, 175.—­Envy and enmity, ib.—­Opinion of Mr. Burke, 176, 177, 178.—­Causes arising from poor nations having the advantage over rich in all dealings, 179.—­High value of money in poorer nations, 182.—­Conclusion of exterior causes, 184 to 187.

F.

FALL.  See Decline.

FINANCES.  See Revenue.

FINE arts do not flourish in a very wealthy country, 113.—­Very different as to their improvement, from the mechanic arts.

FLANDERS enriched by manufactures, 3, 46.—­The discovery of a bettar =sic= method of curing herrings by the Dutch is hurtful to it, 47.

FLORENCE served as a refuge for the nobles of Rome, when the city was taken by the Goths, 44.

FOOD.  See Animal Food and Corn.

FORCE, human, the superiority it gave nearly done away by the invention of gun-powder, 4.

FORESTALLING.  See MONOPOLY.