P. 63, l. 15.  ‘Ferdinand VII.’  King of Spain; born 1784; died 1833.  Father of Isabella II., the present ex-queen of Spain.  In opposition to his father and his best advisers, he solicited the protection of Napoleon, for which he was imprisoned (1807); compelled to renounce his rights (1808); resided at Bayonne, where he servilely subjected himself to Napoleon, 1808 to 1813; restored 1814, when he abolished the Cortes and revived the Inquisition.  By the help of a French army he put down au insurrection, and reestablished absolute despotism (1823).  He married Christiana of Naples (now Duchess Rianzanes), 1829.  Abolished Salic law in favour of his daughter, 1830.

P. 84, l. 35.  ‘Radice in Tartara tendit.’  From Virgil, Georg. ii. 292.

P. 92, l. 28.  ‘General Dupont.’  In June 1808, Dupont, commanding the French army, had marched from Madrid to Andalusia, in the south of Spain, given Cordova up to pillage, and committed atrocities which roused the Spanish people to fury.  The Spanish general Leastanos (afterwards created Duque de Baylen), with an army sent by the Junta of Seville, won the sanguinary battle of Baylen, and compelled the French to surrender at discretion on the 21st July 1808.

P. 96, l. 37.  ‘General Friere.’  More accurately, Freyere, viz.  Manuel Freyere, a Spanish general; born 1795; died 1834.  He distinguished himself in the War of Independence, 1809-1813.  He helped much in gaining the victory at Toulouse, 10th April 1814.  Faithful to constitutional principles, he retired from public life in 1820.

P. 109, ll. 12-16.  Quotation from Milton.  Adapted from ‘Paradise Lost,’ book x. ll. 294-7.

P. 117, l. 33.  ‘The Boy of Saragossa.’  Probably a lapsus for the Maid of Saragossa, Angustina.  This Amazon (in a good, soft sense), although a mere itinerant seller of cool drinks, vied in heroism with the noble Condeya de Burita, who amid the crash of war tended the sick and wounded, resembling in looks and deeds a ministering angel.  She (Angustina) snatched the match from a dying artillery-man’s hand, and fired the cannon at the French; hence she was called La Artillera.

P. 122, ll. 8-10.  Latin quotation.  Virgil, Eclogae, iv. 6.

P. 149, ll. 16-19.  Quotation from Milton, viz.  ‘Paradise Lost,’ book iii. ll. 455-7.

P. 149, l. 40.  ‘The Sicilian Vespers.’  The historical name given to the massacre of the French in Sicily, commenced at Palermo 30th March 1282.  The late Earl of Ellesmere wrote a monograph on the subject.

P. 160, ll. 11-13.  Quotation in Italian.  From Dante, ‘Inferno,’ c. iii. ll. 1-3.

P. 165, ll. 30-1.  Saying of Pyrrhus.  More exactly, ’Another such victory, and I must return to Epeirus alone’ (said of the renowned battle on the bank of the Siris).  See ‘Plutarch and Dionysius,’ and Droysen, ‘Geschichte des Hellenisinus,’ s.n.

P. 166, l. 31.  ‘Onward.’  Sir Philip Warwick.  His ‘Memoirs’ were reprinted and edited by Sir Walter Scott (1702).  His ‘portraiture’ of Cromwell is among the commonplaces of history.