but those who are well-intentioned, yet timid.  That there are numbers of this class who have excellent intentions, and are willing to make large personal sacrifices, is clear; for they have put every thing to risk—­all their privileges, their honours, and possessions—­by their resistance to the Invader.  Why then should they have fears from a quarter—­whence their safety must come, if it come at all?—­Spain has nothing to dread from Jacobinism.  Manufactures and Commerce have there in far less degree than elsewhere—­by unnaturally clustering the people together—­enfeebled their bodies, inflamed their passions by intemperance, vitiated from childhood their moral affections, and destroyed their imaginations.  Madrid is no enormous city, like Paris; over-grown, and disproportionate; sickening and bowing down, by its corrupt humours, the frame of the body politic.  Nor has the pestilential philosophism of France made any progress in Spain.  No flight of infidel harpies has alighted upon their ground.  A Spanish understanding is a hold too strong to give way to the meagre tactics of the ‘Systeme de la Nature;’ or to the pellets of logic which Condillac has cast in the foundry of national vanity, and tosses about at hap-hazard—­self-persuaded that he is proceeding according to art.  The Spaniards are a people with imagination:  and the paradoxical reveries of Rousseau, and the flippancies of Voltaire, are plants which will not naturalise in the country of Calderon and Cervantes.  Though bigotry among the Spaniards leaves much to be lamented; I have proved that the religious habits of the nation must, in a contest of this kind, be of inestimable service.

Yet further:  contrasting the present condition of Spain with that of France at the commencement of her revolution, we must not overlook one characteristic; the Spaniards have no division among themselves by and through themselves; no numerous Priesthood—­no Nobility—­no large body of powerful Burghers—­from passion, interest, and conscience—­opposing the end which is known and felt to be the duty and only honest and true interest of all.  Hostility, wherever it is found, must proceed from the seductions of the Invader:  and these depend solely upon his power:  let that be shattered; and they vanish.

And this once again leads us directly to that immense military force which the Spaniards have to combat; and which, many think, more than counterbalances every internal advantage.  It is indeed formidable:  as revolutionary appetites and energies must needs be; when, among a people numerous as the people of France, they have ceased to spend themselves in conflicting factions within the country for objects perpetually changing shape; and are carried out of it under the strong controul of an absolute despotism, as opportunity invites, for a definite object—­plunder and conquest.  It is, I allow, a frightful spectacle—­to see the prime of a vast nation propelled out of their territory with the rapid sweep of a horde of Tartars;