So much I have thought it necessary to speak upon this subject; with a desire to enlarge the views of the short-sighted, to cheer the desponding, and stimulate the remiss.  I have been treating of duties which the People of Spain feel to be solemn and imperious; and have referred to springs of action (in the sensations of love and hatred, of hope and fear),—­for promoting the fulfilment of these duties,—­which cannot fail.  The People of Spain, thus animated, will move now; and will be prepared to move, upon a favourable summons, for ages.  And it is consolatory to think that,—­even if many of the leading persons of that country, in their resistance to France, should not look beyond the two first objects (viz. riddance of the enemy, and security of national independence);—­it is, I say, consolatory to think that the conduct, which can alone secure either of these ends, leads directly to a free internal Government.  We have therefore both the passions and the reason of these men on our side in two stages of the common journey:  and, when this is the case, surely we are justified in expecting some further companionship and support from their reason—­acting independent of their partial interests, or in opposition to them.  It is obvious that, to the narrow policy of this class (men loyal to the Nation and to the King, yet jealous of the People), the most dangerous failures, which have hitherto taken place, are to be attributed:  for, though from acts of open treason Spain may suffer and has suffered much, these (as I have proved) can never affect the vitals of the cause.  But the march of Liberty has begun; and they, who will not lead, may be borne along.—­At all events, the road is plain.  Let members for the Cortes be assembled from those Provinces which are not in the possession of the Invader:  or at least (if circumstances render this impossible at present) let it be announced that such is the intention, to be realized the first moment when it shall become possible.  In the mean while speak boldly to the People:  and let the People write and speak boldly.  Let the expectation be familiar to them of open and manly institutions of law and liberty according to knowledge.  Let them be universally trained to military exercises, and accustomed to military discipline:  let them be drawn together in civic and religious assemblies; and a general communication of those assemblies with each other be established through the country:  so that there may be one zeal and one life in every part of it.

With great profit might the Chiefs of the Spanish Nation look back upon the earlier part of the French Revolution.  Much, in the outward manner, might there be found worthy of qualified imitation:  and, where there is a difference in the inner spirit (and there is a mighty difference!), the advantage is wholly on the side of the Spaniards.—­Why should the People of Spain be dreaded by their leaders?  I do not mean the profligate and flagitious leaders;