XXXIX.  PORTRAIT OF LADY ROBERTS OF KANDAHAR.
    (From a Photograph by Messrs. Johnson and Hoffmann,
    engraved upon wood by George Pearson)

XL.  PORTRAIT OF HIS EXCELLENCY THE MARQUESS OF LANSDOWNE,
    K.G., G.C.M.G., G.M.S.I., G.M.I.E., VICEROY
    OF INDIA.
    (From a Photograph by Messrs. Cowell, Simla,
    engraved upon wood by Swain)

XLI.  PORTRAIT OF FIELD-MARSHAL LORD ROBERTS ON HIS
    ARAB CHARGER ‘VONOLEL.’
    (From an Oil-painting by Charles Furse,
    made from an Instantaneous Photograph, and
    engraved upon wood by E. Whymper)

* * * * *

FORTY-ONE YEARS IN INDIA.

CHAPTER I. 1852

  Voyage to India—­Life in Calcutta—­A destructive cyclone
  —­Home-sickness

Forty years ago the departure of a cadet for India was a much more serious affair than it is at present.  Under the regulations then in force, leave, except on medical certificate, could only be obtained once during the whole of an officer’s service, and ten years had to be spent in India before that leave could be taken.  Small wonder, then, that I felt as if I were bidding England farewell for ever when, on the 20th February, 1852, I set sail from Southampton with Calcutta for my destination.  Steamers in those days ran to and from India but once a month, and the fleet employed was only capable of transporting some 2,400 passengers in the course of a year.  This does not include the Cape route; but even taking that into consideration, I should doubt whether there were then as many travellers to India in a year as there are now in a fortnight at the busy season.

My ship was the Peninsular and Oriental Company’s steamer Ripon, commanded by Captain Moresby, an ex-officer of the Indian Navy, in which he had earned distinction by his survey of the Red Sea.  A few Addiscombe friends were on board, leaving England under the same depressing circumstances as myself, and what with wind and weather, and the thought that at the best we were bidding farewell to home and relations for ten long years, we were anything but a cheerful party for the first few days of the voyage.  Youth and high spirits had, however, re-asserted themselves long before Alexandria, which place we reached without incident beyond the customary halts for coaling at Gibraltar and Malta.  At Alexandria we bade adieu to Captain Moresby, who had been most kind and attentive, and whose graphic accounts of the difficulties he had had to overcome whilst mastering the navigation of the Red Sea served to while away many a tedious hour.