For the earliest years, and, more especially, for the story of the deadly struggle between French and English for the possession of the continent, the books to read above all others are those of Francis Parkman.  He has clothed history with romantic fascination, and no one who has not read him can have any adequate idea of the glowing and life-like way in which those Frenchmen and Spaniards and Englishmen work out their destinies in his pages.  The story of Columbus and of the early explorers will be found in John Fiske’s “Discovery of America,” a book written simply and interestingly, but without Parkman’s insight and wizardry of style—­which, indeed, no other American historian can equal.  A little book by Charles F. Lummis, called “The Spanish Pioneers,” also gives a vivid picture of those early explorers.  The story of John Smith and William Bradford and Peter Stuyvesant and William Penn will also be found in Fiske’s histories dealing with Virginia and New England and the Dutch and Quaker colonies.  Almost any boy or girl will find them interesting, for they are written with care, in simple language, and not without an engaging humor.

There are so many biographies of Washington that it is difficult to choose among them.  Perhaps the most interesting are those by Woodrow Wilson, Horace E. Scudder, Paul Leicester Ford, and Henry Cabot Lodge—­all well-written and with an effort to give a true impression of the man.  Of the other Presidents, no better biographies exist than those in the “American Statesmen” series, where, of course, the lives of the principal statesmen are also to be found.  Not all of them, nor, perhaps, even most of them are worth reading by the average boy or girl.  There is no especial reason why the life of any man should be studied in detail after he has ceased to be a factor in history.  Of the Presidents, Washington, Jefferson, Jackson and Lincoln are still vital to the life of to-day, and of the statesmen there are a few, like Franklin, Hamilton, Webster, Calhoun and Clay, whose influence is still felt in our national life, but the remainder are negligible, except that you must, of course, be familiar in a broad way with their characters and achievements to understand your country’s story.

History is the best place to learn the stories of the pioneers, soldiers and sailors.  Archer Butler Hulburt has a little book, “Pilots of the Republic,” which tells about some of the pioneers; John Fiske wrote a short history of “The War of Independence,” which will tell you all you need know about the soldiers of the Revolution, with the exception of Washington; and you can learn about the battles of the Civil War from any good history of the United States.  There is a series called the “Great Commanders Series,” which tells the story, in detail, of the lives of American commanders on land and sea, but there is no reason why you should read any of them, with the exception of Lee, Farragut, and possibly Grant, though you will find the lives of Taylor and “Stonewall” Jackson interesting in themselves.  For the sailors, with the exception of Farragut, Barnes’s “Yankee Ships and Yankee Sailors” will suffice; though every boy will enjoy reading Maclay’s “History of the American Navy,” where the story of our great sea-fights is told better than it has ever been told before.