friends, thieves, murderers, newcomers, and others.’  This was not ill-judged and laborious humour; it was said in absolute earnest.  The references were repeated at various intervals in the address and here explained by allusions to the Scriptures and to the all-merciful God through Whom even the worst might hope to be redeemed, the inference clearly being that even the Uitlander, by the grace of God (and, no doubt, Mr. Kruger), might hope in time to approach the fitness of the burgher.

In the meantime another affair occurred, which revived much of the old feeling expressed at the time of the flag affair.  War was declared against Malaboch, a native chief with a following of a few hundreds, who had, it was alleged, refused to pay his taxes.  Such wars are of frequent occurrence in the Transvaal, the reasons assigned being usually some failure to pay taxes or to submit to the discipline of the native Commissioners.  In this case British subjects were commandeered—­that is, requisitioned to fight or to find in money or in kind some contribution to the carrying on of the war.  It was felt that the position of the Republic did not warrant at that time a resort to commandeering, a measure which no doubt was necessary in the early days when the Republic had no cash; but with a declared surplus of about L1,000,000 in the Treasury, it was deemed to be an uncivilized and wholly unnecessary measure, and one capable of the grossest abuse, to permit men of inferior intelligence and training, and of no education, such as the Field-cornets are, to use their discretion in levying contributions upon individuals.  The Uitlanders were especially sensible of the injustice done to them.  They had been definitely refused all voice in the affairs of the State, and they already contributed nine-tenths of the revenue.  They received in return an infinitesimal portion in the shape of civil administration and public works, and they were distinctly not in the humour to be placed at the mercy of Boer officials, who would undoubtedly mulct them and spare the burghers.  Protests were made; and five of the men commandeered in Pretoria, having point-blank refused to comply with the orders, were placed under arrest.  The High Commissioner, Sir Henry (now Lord) Loch, was appealed to, and, acting on instructions from the Imperial Government, immediately proceeded to Pretoria.  The excitement was intense.  In Johannesburg a number of men were prepared to make a dash on Pretoria to effect the forcible release of the prisoners, and had any steps been taken to enforce the commandeering law within the Witwatersrand district, without doubt a collision would have taken place.  The supply of arms in the town was, it is true, wholly inadequate for any resistance to the Boers, but in the excitement of the time this was not considered.