Maitland of Lethington.  The second edition of Holtzmann’s Lehrbuch, published in 1886, gives a remarkably fair and full account of the present results of criticism.  At p. 366 he writes that the present burning question is whether the “relatively primitive narrative and the root of the other synoptic texts is contained in Matthew or in Mark.  It is only on this point that properly-informed (sachkundige) critics differ,” and he decides in favour of Mark.]

[Footnote 42:  Holtzmann (Die synoptischen Evangelien 1863, p. 75), following Ewald, argues that the “Source A” (= the threefold tradition, more or less) contained something that answered to the “Sermon on the Plain” immediately after the words of our present “Mark,” “And he cometh into a house” (iii 19).  But what conceivable motive could “Mark” have for omitting it?  Holtzmann has no doubt, however, that the “Sermon on the Mount” is a compilation, or as he calls it in his recently-published Lehrbuch (p. 372), “an artificial mosaic work.”]

[Footnote 43:  See Schuerer, Geschichte des juedischen Volkes, Zweiter Theil, p. 384.]

[Footnote 44:  Spacious, because a young man could sit in it “on the right side” (xv. 5), and therefore with plenty of room to spare.]

[Footnote 45:  King Herod had not the least difficulty in supposing the resurrection of John the Baptist—­“John, whom I beheaded, he is risen” (Mark vi. 16).]

[Footnote 46:  I am very sorry for the interpolated “in,” because citation ought to be accurate in small things as in great.  But what difference it makes whether one “believes Jesus” or “believes in Jesus” much thought has not enabled me to discover.  If you “believe him” you must believe him to be what he professed to be—­that is “believe in him;” and if you “believe in him” you must necessarily “believe him.”]

[Footnote 47:  True for Justin:  but there is a school of theological critics, who more or less question the historical reality of Paul, and the genuineness of even the four cardinal epistles.]

[Footnote 48:  See Dial. cum Tryphone, Sec. 47 and Sec. 35.  It is to be understood that Justin does not arrange these categories in order, as I have done.]

[Footnote 49:  I guard myself against being supposed to affirm that even the four cardinal epistles of Paul may not have been seriously tampered with.  See note 47 above.]

[Footnote 50:  Paul, in fact, is required to commit in Jerusalem, an act of the same character as that which he brands as “dissimulation” on the part of Peter in Antioch.]

[Footnote 51:  All this was quite clearly pointed out by Ritschl nearly forty years ago.  See Die Entstehung der alt-katholischen Kirche (1850), p. 108.]

[Footnote 52:  “If every one was baptized as soon as he acknowledged Jesus to be the Messiah, the first Christians can have been aware of no other essential differences from the Jews.”—­Zeller, Vortraege (1865), p. 26.]