2.  Anointing the body with perfumed oil was a remarkable part of
   ancient cosmetics.  It was probably an eastern invention, agreeable
   to the luxury of the Asiatics.

3.  A footstool was considered a mark of honor.

4.  In accordance with the doctrine of Thales the Milesian, that all
   things are generated from water, and nourished by the same element.

5. [Hercules.]

6.  Night was venerated, both for her antiquity and power.

7. [One of the heads of Ida.]

8.  A bird about the size of a hawk, and entirely black.

9.  By Juno is understood the air, and it is allegorically said that
   she was nourished by the vapors that rise from the ocean and the
   earth.  Tethys being the same as Rhea.

10. [Europa.]

11.  An evident allusion to the ether and the atmosphere.—­E.P.P.

Footnotes for Book XV: 
1. [The translator seizes the opportunity afforded to him by this
   remarkable passage, to assure his readers who are not readers of
   the original, that the discipline which Juno is here said to have
   suffered from the hands of Jove, is not his own invention.  He found
   it in the original, and considering fidelity as his indispensable
   duty, has not attempted to soften or to refine away the matter.  He
   begs that this observation may be adverted to as often as any
   passage shall occur in which ancient practices or customs, not
   consonant to our own, either in point of delicacy or humanity, may
   be either expressed or alluded to.

   He makes this request the rather, because on these occasions Mr.
   Pope has observed a different conduct, suppressing all such images
   as he had reason to suppose might be offensive.]—­TR.

2.  The earliest form of an oath seems to have been by the elements of
   nature, or rather the deities who preside over them.—­TROLLOPE.

3.  In the following speech, Jupiter discloses the future events of the
   war.

4.  The illustration in the following lines is one of the most
   beautiful in Homer.  The rapid passage of Juno is compared to the
   speed of thought, by which a traveller revisits in imagination the
   scenes over which he has passed.  No simile could more exalt the
   power of the Goddess.—­FELTON.

5.  The picture is strikingly true to nature.  The smile upon the lip,
   and frown upon the brow, express admirably the state of mind in
   which the Goddess must be supposed to have been at this
   moment.—­FELTON.

6:  [To tempest—­{kydoimeson}—­Milton uses tempest as a verb. 
   Speaking of the fishes, he says

     ... part, huge of bulk
     Wallowing unwieldy, enormous in their gait,
     Tempest the ocean.]—­TR.

7.  The Furies are said to wait upon men in a double sense; either for
   evil; as upon Orestes after he had killed his mother, or else for
   their good, as upon elders when they are injured, to protect them
   and avenge their wrongs.  The ancients considered birth-right as a
   right divine.