16.  It must be borne in mind that sacrificing was the most solemn act
   of religion, and that kings were also chief-priests.

17.  The armor of both Greeks and Trojans consisted of six portions,
   and was always put on in the order here given.  The greaves were for
   the defence of the legs.  They were made of some kind of metal, and
   probably lined with cloth or felt.  The cuirass or corselet for the
   body, was made of horn cut in thin pieces and fastened upon linen
   cloth, one piece overlapping another.  The sword hung on the left
   side by means of a belt which passed over the right shoulder.  The
   large round shield, sometimes made of osiers twisted together and
   covered with several ox-hides, and bound round the edge with metal. 
   In the Homeric times it was supported by a belt; subsequently a
   band was placed across the inner side, in which the left arm was
   inserted, and a strong leather strap fastened near the edge at
   certain distances, which was grasped by the hand.  The helmet, made
   of metal and lined with felt.  Lastly the spear, and in many cases
   two.  The heavy-armed soldiery were distinguished from the light. 
   The covering of the latter consisted of skins, and instead of the
   sword and lance, they fought with darts, bows and arrows, or
   slings, and were generally attached in a subordinate capacity to
   the heavy-armed soldiery.

18.  Homer puts a prayer in the mouth of Menelaues, but none in that of
   Paris.  Menelaues is injured and innocent, and may therefore ask for
   justice; but Paris, who is the criminal, remains silent.

19. [Because the hide of a beast that dies in health is tougher and
   fitter for use than of another that dies diseased.]

Footnotes for Book IV: 
1.  The goddess of youth is made an attendant at the banquets of the
   gods, to show that they enjoyed a perpetual youth, and endless
   felicity.

2. [A town of that name in Boeotia, where Pallas was particularly
   worshipped.—­TR.]

3. [{Boopis}, constant description of Juno, but not susceptible of
   literal translation.]

4.  Homer does not make the gods use all persons indiscriminately as
   their agents, but each according to his powers.  When Minerva would
   persuade the Greeks, she seeks Ulysses; when she would break the
   truce, for Pandarus; and when she would conquer, for Diomede.  The
   goddess went not to the Trojans, because they hated Paris, and
   looks among the allies, where she finds Pandarus, who was of a
   nation noted for perfidiousness, and who, from his avarice, was
   capable of engaging in this treachery for the hope of a reward from
   Paris.

5.  A city of Asia Minor.