I saw several small, shallow caves, and learned that many of them were utilised by the Pimas during the wet season.  I also passed a rock-shelter, which served as a permanent home.  The housewife was busy making straw hats.  She was very shy, as her husband was away; but I elicited the information that she gets two reales (25 cents) for each hat.  The making of straw hats and mats is quite an industry among the Pimas.  In the houses they have a cellar-like dug-out outside of the dwelling and covered with a conical roof of dry grass.  These cellars, in many cases, serve not only as the work-rooms, but also as store-rooms for their stock in trade.

In one or two instances I found Pima families living in open inclosures, a kind of corral, made from cut-down brushwood.  I noticed two small caves that had been transformed into storehouses, by planting poles along the edge and plastering these over with mud, to make a solid wall, behind which corn was stored.

In Yepachic I estimated there were about twenty Pima families.  I had some difficulty in inducing them to pose before the camera; the presidente himself was afraid of the instrument, thinking it was a diabolo (devil).

There are probably not more than sixty Pima families within the State of Chihuahua, unless there are more than I think near Dolores.  Some twenty-odd families of these live in caves during the wet season, and a few of them are permanent cave-dwellers.  I understand that the Pimas in Sonora utilise caves in the same way.

I made an excursion from the mine of Pinos Altos (elevation 7,100 feet) to Rio Moris, about ten miles west, where there are some burial caves; but they had already been much disturbed by treasure seekers, and I could secure only a couple of skulls.  An interesting feature of the landscape near Rio Moris is a row of large reddish pinnacles, which rise perpendicularly from the river-bed up along the hillside, and form a truly imposing spectacle.  An excited imagination may see in them so many giants suddenly petrified while walking up the mountain.  Around Pinos Altos and Jesus Maria the rock is of blue porphyry, quite hard in places, and speckled with little white patches.  It is in this rock that the gold- and silver-bearing quartz occurs.

Through the courtesy of the bullion-convoy I was enabled to dispatch some of my collections via Chihuahua to the museum at New York, among other things eight fine specimens of the giant woodpecker.

Then, sending my train ahead, I made with a guide a little detour to visit the beautiful waterfall near Jesus Maria.  It is formed by the River Basasiachic, which, except during the wet season, is small and insignificant.  Before the fall the stream for more than a hundred yards runs in a narrow but deep channel, which in the course of ages it has worn into the hard conglomerate rock.  The channel itself is full of erosions and hollowed-out places formed by the constant grinding and milling action of the