The cavalry has rendered most efficient and ready help in the trenches, and have done all they possibly could to lighten the arduous and trying task which has of necessity fallen to the lot of the infantry.

On the evening of the 19th and throughout the 20th the enemy again commenced to show considerable activity.  On the former night a severe counter-attack on the Third Division was repulsed with considerable loss, and from early on Sunday morning various hostile attempts were made on the trenches of the First Division.  During the day the enemy suffered another severe repulse in front of the Second Division, losing heavily in the attempt.  In the course of the afternoon the enemy made desperate attempts against the trenches all along the front of the First Corps, but with similar results.

After dark the enemy again attacked the Second Division, only to be again driven back.

Our losses on these two days were considerable, but the number, as obtained, of the enemy’s killed and wounded vastly exceeded them.

As the troops of the First Army Corps were much exhausted by this continual fighting, I reinforced Sir Douglas Haig with a brigade from the reserve, and called upon the First Cavalry Division to assist them.

On the night of the 21st another violent counter-attack was repulsed by the Third Division, the enemy losing heavily.

On the 23d the four 6-inch howitzer batteries, which I had asked to be sent from home, arrived.  Two batteries were handed over to the Second Corps and two to the First Corps.  They were brought into action on the 24th with very good results.

Our experiences in this campaign seem to point to the employment of more heavy guns of a larger calibre in great battles which last for several days, during which time powerful intrenching work on both sides can be carried out.  These batteries were used with considerable effect on the 24th and the following days.

8.  On the 23d the action of Gen. de Castelnau’s army on the allied left developed considerably, and apparently withdrew considerable forces of the enemy away from the centre and east.  I am not aware whether it was due to this cause or not, but until the 26th it appeared as though the enemy’s opposition in our front was weakening.  On that day, however, a very marked renewal of activity commenced.  A constant and vigorous artillery bombardment was maintained all day, and the Germans in front of the First Division were observed to be “sapping” up to our lines and trying to establish new trenches.  Renewed counter-attacks were delivered and beaten off during the course of the day, and in the afternoon a well-timed attack by the First Division stopped the enemy’s intrenching work.

During the night of the 27th-28th the enemy again made the most determined attempts to capture the trenches of the First Division, but without the slightest success.

Similar attacks were reported during these three days all along the line of the allied front, and it is certain that the enemy then made one last great effort to establish ascendency.  He was, however, unsuccessful everywhere, and is reported to have suffered heavy losses.  The same futile attempts were made all along our front up to the evening of the 28th, when they died away, and have not since been renewed.