The Poles have also made noble manifestations.  Their great poet, Adam Mickiewicz, has been here to enroll the Italian Poles, publish the declaration of faith in which they hope to re-enter and re-establish their country, and receive the Pope’s benediction on their banner.  In their declaration of faith are found these three articles:—­

“Every one of the nation a citizen,—­every citizen equal in rights and before authorities.

“To the Jew, our elder brother, respect, brotherhood, aid on the way to his eternal and terrestrial good, entire equality in political and civil rights.

“To the companion of life, woman, citizenship, entire equality of rights.”

This last expression of just thought the Poles ought to initiate, for what other nation has had such truly heroic women?  Women indeed,—­not children, servants, or playthings.

Mickiewicz, with the squadron that accompanied him from Rome, was received with the greatest enthusiasm at Florence.  Deputations from the clubs and journals went to his hotel and escorted him to the Piazza del Gran Duca, where, amid an immense concourse of people, some good speeches were made.  A Florentine, with a generous forgetfulness of national vanity, addressed him as the Dante of Poland, who, more fortunate than the great bard and seer of Italy, was likely to return to his country to reap the harvest of the seed he had sown.

“O Dante of Poland! who, like our Alighieri, hast received from Heaven sovereign genius, divine song, but from earth sufferings and exile,—­more happy than our Alighieri, thou hast reacquired a country; already thou art meditating on the sacred harp the patriotic hymn of restoration and of victory.  The pilgrims of Poland have become the warriors of their nation.  Long live Poland, and the brotherhood of nations!”

When this address was finished, the great poet appeared on the balcony to answer.  The people received him with a tumult of applause, followed by a profound silence, as they anxiously awaited his voice.  Those who are acquainted with the powerful eloquence, the magnetism, of Mickiewicz as an orator, will not be surprised at the effect produced by this speech, though delivered in a foreign language.  It is the force of truth, the great vitality of his presence, that loads his words with such electric power.  He spoke as follows:—­

“People of Tuscany!  Friends!  Brothers!  We receive your shouts of sympathy in the name of Poland; not for us, but for our country.  Our country, though distant, claims from you this sympathy by its long martyrdom.  The glory of Poland, its only glory, truly Christian, is to have suffered more than all the nations.  In other countries the goodness, the generosity of heart, of some sovereigns protected the people; as yours has enjoyed the dawn of the era now coming, under the protection of your excellent prince. [Viva Leopold II.!] But conquered Poland, slave and victim, of sovereigns who were her