The Women of the Caesars eBook

Guglielmo Ferrero
This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 157 pages of information about The Women of the Caesars.

The Women of the Caesars eBook

Guglielmo Ferrero
This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 157 pages of information about The Women of the Caesars.

On his return to power, Tiberius, together with Augustus, took measures for reorganizing the army and the state, and sought to bring about by means of new marriages and acts of clemency a closer union between the Julian and Claudian branches of the family, then bitterly divided by the violent struggles of recent years.  The terms of Julia’s exile were made easier; Germanicus married Agrippina, another daughter of Julia and Agrippa, and a sister of Julia the Younger; the widow of Caius Caesar, Livilla, sister of Germanicus and daughter of Antonia, was given to Drusus, the son of Tiberius, a young man born in the same year as Germanicus.  Drusus, despite certain defects, such as irascibility and a marked fondness for pleasure, gave evidence that he possessed the requisite qualities of a statesman—­firmness, sound judgment, and energy.  The policy which dictated these marriages was always the same—­to make of the family of Augustus one formidable and united body, so that it might constitute the solid base of the entire government of the empire.  But, alas! wise as were the intentions, the ferments of discord and the unhappiness of the times prevailed against them.  Too much had been hoped for in recalling Tiberius to power.  During the ten years of senile government, the empire had been reduced to a state of utter disorder.  The measures planned by Tiberius for reestablishing the finances of the state roused the liveliest discontent among the wealthy classes in Italy, and again excited their hatred against him.  In the year 6 A.D., the great revolt of Pannonia broke out and for a moment filled Italy with unspeakable terror.  In an instant of mob fury, they even came to fear that the peninsula would be invaded and Rome besieged by the barbarians of the Danube.  Tiberius came to the rescue, and with patience and coolness put down the insurrection, not by facing it in open conflict, but by drawing out the war to such a length as to weary the enemy, a method both safe and wise, considering the unreliable character of the troops at his command.  But at Rome, once the fear had subsided, the long duration of the war became a new cause for dissatisfaction and anger, and offered to many a pretext for venting their long-cherished hatred against Tiberius, who was accused of being afraid, of not knowing how to end the war, and of drawing it out for motives of personal ambition.  The party averse to Tiberius again raised its head and resorted once more to its former policy—­that of urging on Germanicus against Tiberius.  The former was young, ambitious, bold, and would have preferred daring strokes and a war quickly concluded.  It is certain that there would have risen then and there a Germanican and a Tiberian party, if Augustus, on this occasion, had not energetically sustained Tiberius from Rome.  But the situation again became strained and full of uncertainty.

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The Women of the Caesars from Project Gutenberg. Public domain.