in their books, lectures, speeches and schools have been carefully taught that nothing less than this world-conquest was the object of their preparations and their sacrifices.  They have prepared carefully and sacrificed greatly.

    We must have men and men and men, if we, with our allies, are to
    check the onrush of organized barbarism.

Have no illusions.  We are dealing with a strong and magnificently equipped enemy, whose avowed aim is our complete destruction.  The violation of Belgium, the attack on France and the defense against Russia, are only steps by the way.  The German’s real objective, as she always has told us, is England, and England’s wealth, trade and worldwide possessions.

If you assume, for an instant, that the attack will be successful, England will not be reduced, as some people say, to the rank of a second rate power, but we shall cease to exist as a nation.  We shall become an outlying province of Germany, to be administered with that severity German safety and interest require.

We are against such a fate.  We enter into a new life in which all the facts of war that we had put behind or forgotten for the last hundred years, have returned to the front and test us as they tested our fathers.  It will be a long and a hard road, beset with difficulties and discouragements, but we tread it together and we will tread it together to the end.

Our petty social divisions and barriers have been swept away at the outset of our mighty struggle.  All the interests of our life of six weeks ago are dead.  We have but one interest now, and that touches the naked heart of every man in this island and in the empire.

    If we are to win the right for ourselves and for freedom to
    exist on earth, every man must offer himself for that service
    and that sacrifice.

From these examples it will be seen that the particular way in which the speakers appealed to their hearers was by coming close home to their interests, and by themselves showing emotion—­two very important principles which you must keep constantly in mind.

To accomplish the former requires a deep knowledge of human motive in general and an understanding of the particular audience addressed.  What are the motives that arouse men to action?  Think of them earnestly, set them down on the tablets of your mind, study how to appeal to them worthily.  Then, what motives would be likely to appeal to your hearers?  What are their ideals and interests in life?  A mistake in your estimate may cost you your case.  To appeal to pride in appearance would make one set of men merely laugh—­to try to arouse sympathy for the Jews in Palestine would be wasted effort among others.  Study your audience, feel your way, and when you have once raised a spark, fan it into a flame by every honest resource you possess.