I call upon you, fathers, by the shades of your ancestors—­by the dear ashes which repose in this precious soil—­by all you are, and all you hope to be—­resist every object of disunion, resist every encroachment upon your liberties, resist every attempt to fetter your consciences, or smother your public schools, or extinguish your system of public instruction.

I call upon you, mothers, by that which never fails in woman, the love of your offspring; teach them, as they climb your knees, or lean on your bosoms, the blessings of liberty.  Swear them at the altar, as with their baptismal vows, to be true to their country, and never to forget or forsake her.

I call upon you, young men, to remember whose sons you are; whose inheritance you possess.  Life can never be too short, which brings nothing but disgrace and oppression.  Death never comes too soon, if necessary in defence of the liberties of your country.

I call upon you, old men, for your counsels, and your prayers, and your benedictions.  May not your gray hairs go down in sorrow to the grave, with the recollection that you have lived in vain.  May not your last sun sink in the west upon a nation of slaves.

No; I read in the destiny of my country far better hopes, far brighter visions.  We, who are now assembled here, must soon be gathered to the congregation of other days.  The time of our departure is at hand, to make way for our children upon the theatre of life.  May God speed them and theirs.  May he who, at the distance of another century, shall stand here to celebrate this day, still look round upon a free, happy, and virtuous people.  May he have reason to exult as we do.  May he, with all the enthusiasm of truth as well as of poetry, exclaim, that here is still his country.

    —­JOSEPH STORY.

The appeal to prejudice is effective—­though not often, if ever, justifiable; yet so long as special pleading endures this sort of persuasion will be resorted to.  Rudyard Kipling uses this method—­as have many others on both sides—­in discussing the great European war.  Mingled with the appeal to prejudice, Mr. Kipling uses the appeal to self-interest; though not the highest, it is a powerful motive in all our lives.  Notice how at the last the pleader sweeps on to the highest ground he can take.  This is a notable example of progressive appeal, beginning with a low motive and ending with a high one in such a way as to carry all the force of prejudice yet gain all the value of patriotic fervor.

Through no fault nor wish of ours we are at war with Germany, the power which owes its existence to three well-thought-out wars; the power which, for the last twenty years, has devoted itself to organizing and preparing for this war; the power which is now fighting to conquer the civilized world.

For the last two generations the Germans