the world of their good deeds’ show that the two do not pass beyond the sphere of the results of their good works.  But the highest Self is not in the sphere of the results of either good or bad works; according to the scriptural passage, ’It does not grow larger by works nor does it grow smaller.’  Further, the words ‘shade and light’ properly designate what is intelligent and what is non-intelligent, because the two are opposed to each other like light and shade.  Hence we conclude that the buddhi and the individual soul are spoken of.

To this we make the following reply:—­In the passage under discussion the individual soul (vij/n/anatman) and the highest Self are spoken of, because these two, being both intelligent Selfs, are of the same nature.  For we see that in ordinary life also, whenever a number is mentioned, beings of the same class are understood to be meant; when, for instance, the order is given, ’Look out for a second (i.e. a fellow) for this bull,’ people look out for a second bull, not for a horse or a man.  So here also, where the mention of the fruition of rewards enables us to determine that the individual soul is meant, we understand at once, when a second is required, that the highest Self has to be understood; for the highest Self is intelligent, and therefore of the same nature as the soul.—­But has it not been said above that the highest Self cannot be meant here, on account of the text stating that it is placed in the cave?—­Well, we reply, sruti as well as sm/ri/ti speaks of the highest Self as placed in the cave.  Compare, for instance (Ka.  Up.  I, 2, 12), ‘The Ancient who is hidden in the cave, who dwells in the abyss;’ Taitt.  Up.  II, 1, ‘He who knows him hidden in the cave, in the highest ether;’ and, ‘Search for the Self entered into the cave.’  That it is not contrary to reason to assign to the omnipresent Brahman a special locality, for the purpose of clearer perception, we have already demonstrated.  The attribute of existing in the world of its good works, which properly belongs to one of the two only, viz. to the individual soul, may be assigned to both, analogously to the case of the men, one of whom carries an umbrella.  Their being compared to light and shade also is unobjectionable, because the qualities of belonging and not belonging to this transmigratory world are opposed to each other, like light and shade; the quality of belonging to it being due to Nescience, and the quality of not belonging to it being real.  We therefore understand by the two ‘entered into the cave,’ the individual soul and the highest Self.—­Another reason for this interpretation follows.

12.  And on account of the distinctive qualities (mentioned).