FOOTNOTES: 

[78] Seld.  Tithes, p. 482.

[79] LL.  Ethelred.  Si presbyter homicida fieret, &c.

[80] LL.  Cnuti, 38, De Ministro Altaris Homicida.  Idem, 40, De Ordinato Capitis reo.

[81] LL.  H.I. 57, De Querela Vicinorum; and 56 [66?].  De Ordinato qui Vitam forisfaciat, in Foed.  Alured. et Guthurn., apud Spel.  Concil. 376, 1st vol.; LL.  Edw. et Guthurn., 3, De Correctione Ordinatorum.

CHAPTER VII.

REIGN OF RICHARD I.

[Sidenote:  Richard I. A.D. 1189]

Whilst Henry lived, the King of France had always an effectual means of breaking his power by the divisions in his family.  But now Richard succeeded to all the power of his father, with an equal ambition to extend it, with a temper infinitely more fiery and impetuous, and free from every impediment of internal dissension.  These circumstances filled the mind of Philip with great and just uneasiness.  There was no security but in finding exercise for the enterprising genius of the young king at a distance from home.  The new Crusade afforded an advantageous opportunity.  A little before his father’s death, Richard had taken the cross in conjunction with the King of France.  So precipitate were the fears of that monarch, that Richard was hardly crowned when ambassadors were dispatched to England to remind him of his obligation, and to pique his pride by acquainting him that their master was even then in readiness to fulfil his part of their common vow.  An enterprise of this sort was extremely agreeable to the genius of Richard, where religion sanctified the thirst of military glory, and where the glory itself seemed but the more desirable by being unconnected with interest.  He immediately accepted the proposal, and resolved to insure the success as well as the lustre of his expedition by the magnificence of his preparations.  Not content with the immense treasures amassed by his father, he drew in vast sums by the sale of almost all the demesnes of the crown, and of every office under it, not excepting those of the highest trust.  The clergy, whose wealth and policy enabled them to take advantage of the necessity and weakness of the Croises, were generally the purchasers of both.  To secure his dominions in his absence, he made an alliance with the princes of Wales, and with the King of Scotland.  To the latter he released, for a sum of money, the homage which had been extorted by his father.

His brother John gave him most uneasiness; but finding it unworthy, or impracticable, to use the severer methods of jealous policy, he resolved to secure his fidelity by loading him with benefits.  He bestowed on him six earldoms, and gave him in marriage the Lady Avisa, sole heiress of the great house of Gloucester; but as he gave him no share in the regency, he increased his power, and left him discontented in a kingdom committed to the care of new men, who had merited their places by their money.