F. 160, V. 60:—­(1) 20 39, (2) 18, (3) 58 60 64 68 70. 
     V. 100:—­(1) 23 25 30 38, (2) 44 44 49, (3) 55 58 65. 
     V. 140:—­(1) 5, (2) 31 35 40 40 32, (3) 54 55 68. 
     V. 180:—­(1) 50 50 58 60, (2) 75.

The tendency to mechanical balance would, according to our previous analysis, lead the variable to take a direction which, in its suggestion of motion inward, should be more or less strong according as it were farther from or nearer to the center than the fixed line.  Such motion inward would, of course, be more strongly suggested by an angle less than 45 deg. than by an angle greater than 45 deg., and it seems that the angles chosen are in general in harmony with this expectation.  For the positions where F. is nearer the center than V. there is a preponderance of the angles less than 45 deg. (cf.  F. 40 and F. 80, V. 100 and 140; F. 120, V. 140, 180).  When V. passes over to a position farther from the center than F. (e.g., from F. 80, V. 60, to F. 80, V. 100 and from F. 120, V. 60, to F. 120, V. 140) the change is marked.  In every case where F. is farther from the center than V. (i.e., F. 80, V. 60; F. 120, V. 60 and V. 100; F. 160, V. 60, V. 100 and V. 140), there are to be noticed a lack of the very small angles and a preponderance of the middle and larger angles.  F. 160, V. 140 and 180 seem to be the only exceptions, which are easily explainable by a dislike of the extremely small angle near the edge; for it appears from the remarks of the subjects that there is always a subconsciousness of the direction suggested by the lower pointed end of the line.  For the outer positions of both lines, a large angle would leave the center empty, and a small one would be disagreeable for the reason just given; and so we find, indeed, for F. 160, V. 100, 140, 160, the middle position the favorite one.

The representation of action may be translated into experimental terms by expressing it as a line which changes its direction, thus seeming to be animated by some internal energy.  The forms chosen were three curves ‘bulging’ from a straight line in differing degrees, and two straight lines with projections. C and O were the subjects.  The results are given in outline.

    Exp.  V. Curve I. See Fig. 12, I

    (1) Curve out (turned away from center).

    (a) F. (80x10), V. Curve.

About half the positions of V. are farther from the center than F. O at first refuses to choose, then up to F. 120 puts V. farther from the center than F. C has a set of positions of V. nearer the center and several second choices farther than F.

    (b) F. Curve, V. (80x10).

No position of V. nearer center than F. O puts line farther out up to F. 160, then nearer than F. C has a set of nearly symmetrical choices and another where V. is much farther out than F.

    (2) Curve in (turned toward center).