The name “Initiative and incentive” Authoritative.—­The term “Initiative and Incentive” is used by Dr. Taylor, and is fully described by him.[11] The words themselves suggest, truly, that he gives the old form of management its due.  He does more than this.  He points out in his definition of the terms the likenesses between the old and new forms.

The name “Traditional” Brief and descriptive.—­The only excuses for the term “Traditional,” since Dr. Taylor’s term is available, are its brevity and its descriptiveness.  The fact that it is indefinite is really no fault in it, as the subject it describes is equally indefinite.  The “fringe"[12] of this word is especially good.  It calls up ideas of information handed down from generation to generation orally, the only way of teaching under the old type of management.  It recalls the idea of the inaccurate perpetuation of unthinking custom, and the “myth” element always present in tradition,—­again undeniable accusations against the old type of management.  The fundamental idea of the tradition, that it is oral, is the essence of the difference of the old type of management from science, or even system, which must be written.

It is not necessary to make more definite here the content of this oldest type of management, rather being satisfied with the extent, and accepting for working use the name “Traditional” with the generally accepted definition of that name.

Definition of the second type of management.—­The second type of management is called “Interim” or “Transitory” management.  It includes all management that is consciously passing into Scientific Management and embraces all stages, from management that has incorporated one scientifically derived principle, to management that has adopted all but one such principle.

Preferable name for second type of management.—­Perhaps the name “Transitory” is slightly preferable in that, though the element of temporariness is present in both words, it is more strongly emphasized in the latter.  The usual habit of associating with it the ideas of “fleeting, evanescent, ephemeral, momentary, short-lived,” may have an influence on hastening the completion of the installing of Scientific Management.

Definition of the third type of management.—­The third form of management is called “Ultimate,” “measured Functional,” or “Scientific,” management, and might also be called,—­but for the objection of Dr. Taylor, the “Taylor Plan of Management.”  This differs from the first two types mentioned in that it is a definite plan of management synthesized from scientific analysis of the data of management.  In other words, Scientific Management is that management which is a science, i.e., which operates according to known, formulated, and applied laws.[13]