The importance of human measurement to vocational guidance and to the training of the young for life work has never been properly realized.  Few people understand the importance of psychological experiment as a factor in scientific vocational guidance.  For this alone, it will probably in time be a general custom to record and keep as close track as possible of the psychological measurements of the child during the period of education, vocational guidance and apprenticeship.  Not only this, but he also should be accustomed to being measured, physically and psychologically, from his first years, just as he is now accustomed to being weighed.

The child should be taught to measure himself, his faculties, his reactions, his capabilities as compared with his former self and as compared with the capabilities of others.  It is most important that the child should form a habit not only of measuring, but of being measured.

MOTION STUDY AND TIME STUDY ARE THE METHOD OF MEASUREMENT UNDER SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT.—­Under Scientific Management, much measuring is done by motion study and time study, which measure the relative efficiency of various men, of various methods, or of various kinds of equipment, surroundings, tools, etc.  Their most important use is as measuring devices of the men.  They have great psychological value in that they are founded on the “square deal” and the men know this from the start.  Being operated under laws, they are used the same way on all sorts of work and on all men.  As soon as the men really understand this fact, and realize

    1. that the results are applied to all men equally;
    2. that all get an ample compensation for what
       they do;
    3. that under them general welfare is considered;
       the objections to such study will vanish.

MOTION STUDY IS DETERMINING METHODS OF LEAST WASTE.—­Motion Study is the dividing of the elements of the work into the most fundamental subdivisions possible; studying these fundamental units separately and in relation to one another; and from these studied, chosen units, when timed, building up methods of least waste.

TIME STUDY IS DETERMINING STANDARD UNIT TIMES.—­Time study consists of timing the elements of the best method known, and, from these elementary unit times, synthesizing a standard time in which a standard man can do a certain piece of work in accordance with the finally accepted method.

Micro-motion study is timing sub-divisions, or elements of motions by carrying out the principles of motion study to a greater degree of accuracy by means of a motion picture camera, a clock that will record different times of day in each picture of a moving picture film together with a cross sectioned background and other devices for assisting in measuring the relative efficiency and wastefulness of motions.  It also is the cheapest, quickest and more accurate method of recording indisputable time study records.  It has the further advantage of being most useful in assisting the instruction card man to devise methods of least waste.[11]