the vessel upon the rocks of his native shore.  Don Pedro’s only reply is to order Vasco to be tied to the mast and shot, but before the sentence can be carried out the vessel strikes upon the rocks, and the aborigines swarm over the sides.  Selika, once more a queen, saves the lives of Vasco and Inez from the angry natives.  In the next act the nuptials of Selika and Vasco are on the point of being celebrated with great pomp, when the hero, who has throughout the opera wavered between the two women who love him, finally makes up his mind in favour of Inez.  Selika thereupon magnanimously despatches them home in Vasco’s ship, and poisons herself with the fragrance of the deadly manchineel tree.  The characters of ‘L’Africaine,’ with the possible exception of Selika and Nelusko, are the merest shadows, but the music, though less popular as a rule than that of ‘Les Huguenots,’ or even ‘Le Prophete,’ is undoubtedly Meyerbeer’s finest effort.  In his old age Meyerbeer seems to have looked back to the days of his Italian period, and thus, though occasionally conventional in form, the melodies of ‘L’Africaine’ have a dignity and serenity which are rarely present in the scores of his French period.  There is, too, a laudable absence of that ceaseless striving after effect which mars so much of Meyerbeer’s best work.

Besides the great works already discussed, Meyerbeer wrote two works for the Opera Comique, ‘L’Etoile du Nord’ and ‘Le Pardon de Ploermel.’  Meyerbeer was far too clever a man to undertake anything he could not carry through successfully, and in these operas he caught the trick of French opera comique very happily.

‘L’Etoile du Nord’ deals with the fortunes of Peter the Great, who, when the opera opens, is working as a shipwright at a dockyard in Finland.  He wins the heart of Catherine, a Cossack maiden, who has taken up her quarters there as a kind of vivandiere.  Catherine is a girl of remarkable spirit, and after repulsing an incursion of Calmuck Tartars single-handed, goes off to the wars in the disguise of a recruit, in order to enable her brother to stay at home and marry Prascovia, the daughter of the innkeeper.  The next act takes place in the Russian camp.  Catherine, whose soldiering has turned out a great success, is told off to act as sentry outside the tent occupied by two distinguished officers who have just arrived.  To her amazement she recognises them as Peter and his friend Danilowitz, a former pastry-cook, now raised by the Czar to the rank of General.  Catherine’s surprise and pleasure turn to indignation when she sees her lover consoling himself for her absence with the charms of a couple of pretty vivandieres, and when her senior officer reprimands her for eavesdropping, she bestows upon him a sound box on the ears.  For this misdemeanour she is condemned to be shot, but she contrives to make her escape, first sending a letter to Peter blaming him for his inconstancy, and putting in his hand the