the centre of each strip of turf, and cover with fine earth.  By keeping the frame closed a more regular sprouting of the seed will be insured; but as soon as the plants rise, air must be given, and this part of the business needs to be regulated in accordance with the weather.  All now depends on the cultivator, for, having a very large command of conditions, it may be said that he is removed somewhat from the sport of the elements, which wrecks many of our endeavours.  There are now three points to be kept in mind.  In the first place, a short stout slow-growing plant is wanted, for a tall lean fast-growing plant will at the end of the story refuse to furnish the dish of Peas aimed at.  Give air and water judiciously, and protect from vermin and all other enemies.  A little dry lime or soot may be dusted over the plants occasionally, but not sufficient to choke the leaves.  All going well, plant out in the month of March or April, on ground prepared for the purpose, and laying the plant-bearing turves in strips, without any disturbance whatever of the roots.  Then earth them up with fine stuff from between the rows, and put sticks to support and shelter them.

A more troublesome, but often a safer method, is to raise plants in pots, or in boxes about four and a half inches deep and pierced at the bottom to insure free drainage.  Old potting soil will answer admirably, and the seeds should be put in one inch deep and two inches apart.  Place the pots or boxes in any light cool structure as near the roof-glass as possible, but make no attempt to force either germination or the growth of the plants.  When fair weather permits, transfer to the open in March or April.  A good succession may be obtained by sowing a first-early dwarf variety and a second-early kind simultaneously.

==Main crops== require plenty of room, and that is really the chief point in growing them.  Supposing the ground has been well prepared as already advised, the next matter of importance is the distance between the rows.  The market gardener is usually under some kind of compulsion to sow Peas in solid pieces, just far enough apart for fair growth, and to leave them to sprawl instead of being staked, because of the cost of the proceeding.  But the garden that supplies a household is not subject to the severe conditions of competition, and Peas may be said to go to the dinner table at retail and not at wholesale price.  Moreover, high quality is of importance, and here the domestic as distinguished from the commercial gardener has an immense advantage, for well-grown ’Garden Peas’ surpass in beauty and flavour the best market samples procurable.  To produce these fine Peas there must be plenty of space allowed between the rows, and it will be found good practice to grow Peas and early Potatoes on the same plot, and to put short sticks to the Peas as soon as they are forward enough.  By this management the first top-growth of the Potatoes may be saved from late May frosts,