Before planting out, the top soil of the ground prepared in autumn must be well worked and made friable.  The disposition of the plants, and the method adopted for staking them, will, to a great extent, depend on the precise purpose for which the flowers are required.  For garden decoration single rows answer well, and the plants should be spaced one foot apart.  Or, if preferred, put out in clumps of three to five plants, allowing a diameter of from nine to fifteen inches.  Carefully remove the plants from the pots or boxes in which they were raised, disentangle the roots and shake them quite free from soil.  Make a hole of the necessary depth, and allow the roots to descend into the ground to their full extent, which may be as much as two feet in the case of well-grown specimens from autumn-sown seed.  Give support immediately with well-branched twigs, and it is important that the plants be kept perfectly upright.  Finally stake with bushy hazel sticks eight to ten feet in height, or taller still where the ground has been generously prepared.

Long-stemmed flowers free from blemish are essential for show work and for the highest forms of house decoration, and to insure an adequate supply over an extended period the following method, which is adopted by some of the most successful exhibitors, is strongly to be recommended.  The plants are put out in double rows one foot apart, and spaced a foot apart in the lines.  Each plant should carry two shoots only, both of which must be provided with a rod of bamboo, ash, or hazel, ten to twelve feet in length.  For this double cordon system the rods will stand six inches apart in the rows, and it is desirable to make them secure against damage from high winds.  Insert a stout pole at each end of the row, and about seven feet from the ground-level fix to each pole a substantial wooden crosspiece a little more than a foot in length.  From these cross-pieces tightly stretch strands of wire, to which securely tie the rods.  As growth develops commence disbudding promptly, regularly remove all laterals and tendrils, and tie each cordon to its supporting rod with raffia as often as may be necessary.

After transfer to the open ground the plants must never be allowed to become dry at the roots.  Keep the hoe going between the rows, especially after the soil has been beaten down by rain.

The blooming period can be prolonged by the simple expedient of daily removing the dead or faded flowers.  The ripening of only a few seed-pods speedily puts a stop to flowering.

In the open ground seed may be sown in spring from February to May, and successional sowings at intervals of a fortnight will extend the supply of flowers far into autumnal days.  Even where a few clumps only can be grown it is unwise to depend on a single sowing.  Autumn sowings outdoors are often made in September or October where a warm soil and favourable situation can be insured.