of sense, of observation, and the world, with a keen
relish for the elegances of art, or of nature when
embellished by art, a quick tact for propriety of
thought and manners as established by the forms and
customs of society, a refined sympathy with the sentiments
and habitudes of human life, as he felt them within
the little circle of his family and friends.
He was, in a word, the poet, not of nature, but of
art; and the distinction between the two, as well as
I can make it out, is this—The poet of
nature is one who, from the elements of beauty, of
power, and of passion in his own breast, sympathises
with whatever is beautiful, and grand, and impassioned
in nature, in its simple majesty, in its immediate
appeal to the senses, to the thoughts and hearts of
all men; so that the poet of nature, by the truth,
and depth, and harmony of his mind, may be said to
hold communion with the very soul of nature; to be
identified with and to foreknow and to record the
feelings of all men at all times and places, as they
are liable to the same impressions; and to exert the
same power over the minds of his readers, that nature
does. He sees things in their eternal beauty,
for he sees them as they are; he feels them in their
universal interest, for he feels them as they affect
the first principles of his and our common nature.
Such was Homer, such was Shakspeare, whose works will
last as long as nature, because they are a copy of
the indestructible forms and everlasting impulses
of nature, welling out from the bosom as from a perennial
spring, or stamped upon the senses by the hand of their
maker. The power of the imagination in them,
is the representative power of all nature. It
has its centre in the human soul, and makes the circuit
of the universe.
Pope was not assuredly a poet of this class, or in
the first rank of it. He saw nature only dressed
by art; he judged of beauty by fashion; he sought
for truth in the opinions of the world; he judged of
the feelings of others by his own. The capacious
soul of Shakspeare had an intuitive and mighty sympathy
with whatever could enter into the heart of man in
all possible circumstances: Pope had an exact
knowledge of all that he himself loved or hated, wished
or wanted. Milton has winged his daring flight
from heaven to earth, through Chaos and old Night.
Pope’s Muse never wandered with safety, but
from his library to his grotto, or from his grotto
into his library back again. His mind dwelt with
greater pleasure on his own garden, than on the garden
of Eden; he could describe the faultless whole-length
mirror that reflected his own person, better than
the smooth surface of the lake that reflects the face
of heaven—a piece of cut glass or a pair
of paste buckles with more brilliance and effect,
than a thousand dew-drops glittering in the sun.
He would be more delighted with a patent lamp, than
with “the pale reflex of Cynthia’s brow,”
that fills the skies with its soft silent lustre,