of its use as a supposed cure for the iliac passion.  It may be mentioned that there is a mineral closely allied to jade called “Saussurite,” discovered by the great geologist whose name it bears near Monte Rosa, and since found on the borders of the Lake of Geneva, near Genoa, and in Corsica.  It is possible that the martyr-stones may be made of this mineral, for they have not been analysed.  But if they are, as it is supposed, made of true jade, the fact opens up many important questions.

No stone has a more remarkable history.  It is an object of interest alike to the geologist and the antiquarian; and in spite of the most patient inquiry its antecedents are surrounded with a mystery which cannot be satisfactorily solved.  Its antiquity is beyond doubt.  In the most ancient books of China it is noticed as one of the articles of tribute paid to the emperor.  Dr. Schliemann found it among the ruins of Troy.  But its history stretches into the misty past far anterior in time to all ordinary records, to Cyclopean constructions, or to pictured and sculptured stones.  One of the most curious things brought to light in connection with the prehistoric annals of our race is the wide diffusion of this mineral in regions as far apart as China and Britain.  Owing to its extreme hardness and susceptibility to polish, it was highly prized by the neolithic races for the manufacture of stone axes and hammers.  In nearly every European country implements of jade belonging to the primitive inhabitants have been discovered.  Some of the most beautiful belonged to one of the latest settlements of the stone age at Gerlafingen, in the Lake of Bienne, and were mixed with bronze celts of primitive type, indicating that the people of these lake-dwellings lived during the transition period between stone and bronze.

The presence of such celts made of jade obviously points to a connection at a very early period with the East, from whence the stone must have been brought, for it has never been found in a natural state west of the Caspian.  An interesting controversy upon this subject was created about eight years ago by the finding in the bed of the Rhone of a jade strigil, an instrument curved and hollowed like a spoon used to scrape the skin while bathing.  Various conjectures were formed as to how this isolated object could have found its way from its distant quarry in the East to this obscure spot among the Alps.  Professor Max Mueller, and those who along with him advocate the Oriental origin of the first settlers in Europe, are of opinion that this strigil and the various jade implements found in the Swiss lake-dwellings, are relics of this Western migration from the primitive cradle of the Aryan race on the plateaus of Central Asia.  The implements could only have come from the East, for the other sources of jade supply in New Zealand and America—­since discovered—­were altogether unknown in those primitive times.  And this conclusion is supported by an imposing array