of two sources, either general probability, or the
single passage in a sacred author which gives us a
certain amount of authentic information. From
the passage in question, which has been already quoted
at length, we learn that the chief of the Assyrian
exports to Phoenicia were textile fabrics, apparently
of great value, since they were most carefully packed
in chests of cedar-wood secured by cords. These
fabrics may have been “blue cloaks,” or
“embroidery,” or “rich dresses”
of any kind, for all these are mentioned by Ezekiel;
but we cannot say definitely which Assyria traded
in, since the merchants of various other countries
are joined in the passage with hers. Judging by
the monuments, we should conclude that at least a portion
of the embroidered work was from her looms and workshops;
for, as has been already shown, the embroidery of
the Assyrians was of the most delicate and elaborate
description. She is also likely to have traded
in rich apparel of all kinds, both such as she manufactured
at home, and such as she imported from the far East
by the lines of traffic which have been pointed out.
Some of her own fabrics may possibly have been of silk,
which in Roman times was a principal Assyrian export.
Whether she exported her other peculiar productions,
her transparent and colored glass, her exquisite metal
bowls, plates, and dishes, her beautifully carved
ivories, we cannot say. They have not hitherto
been found in any place beyond her dominion, so that
it would rather seem that she produced them only for
home consumption. Some ancient notices appear
to imply a belief on the part of the Greeks and Romans
that she produced and exported various spices.
Horace speaks of Assyrian nard Virgil of Assyrian
amomuum, Tibullus of Assyrian odors generally.
AEschylus has an allusion of the same kind in his
Agamemnon. Euripide, and Theocritus, who mention
respectively Syrian myrrh and Syrian frankincense,
probably use the word “Syrian” for “Assyrian.”
The belief thus implied is not, however, borne out
by inquiry. Neither the spikenard nor the amonmum,
nor the myrrh tree, nor the frankincense tree, nor
any other actual spice, is produced within the limits
of Assyria, which must always have imported its own
spices from abroad, and can only have supplied them
to other countries as a carrier. In this capacity
she may very probably, even in the time of her early
greatness, have conveyed on to the coast of Syria
the spicy products of Arabia and India, and thus have
created an impression, which afterwards remained as
a tradition, that she was a great spice-producer as
well as a spice-seller.