on the death of Purna-puriyas ascends the throne of Babylon.  But now a revolution occurs.  A certain Nazi-bugas rises in revolt, puts Kara-khar-das to death, and succeeds in making himself king.  Hereupon Asshur-upallit takes up arms, invades Babylonia, defeats and kills Nazi-bugas, and places upon the throne a brother of the murdered Kara-khar-das, a younger son of Purna-puriyas, by name Kurri-galzu, or Durri-galzu.  These events may be assigned with much probability to the period between B.C. 1440 and B.C. 1380.

Of the five consecutive monarchs presented to our notice in this interesting document, two are known to us by their own inscriptions.  Memorials of Purna-puriyas and Kurri-galzu, very similar in their general character, have been found in various parts of Chaldala.  Those of Purna-puriyas come from Senkereh the ancient Larsa, and consist of bricks, showing that he repaired the great temple of the Sun at that city which was originally built by Urukh.  Kurri-galzu’s memorials comprise bricks from Mugheir (Ur) and Akkerkuf, together with his signet-seal, which was found at Baghdad in the year 1800. [PLATE XXI., Fig. 4.] It also appears by an inscription of Nabonidus that he repaired a temple at the city of Agana, and left an inscription there.

But the chief fame of Kurri-galzu arises from his having been the founder of an important city.  The remarkable remains at Akkerkuf, of which an account has been given in a former chapter, mark the site of a town of his erection.  It is conjectured with some reason that this place is the Dur-Kurri-galzu of the later Assyrian inscriptions—­a place of so much consequence in the time of Sargon that he calls it “the key of the country.”

The remaining monarchs, who are on strong grounds of probability, etymological and other, assigned to this dynasty are Saga-raktiyas, the founder of a Temple of the male and female Sun at Sippara, Ammidi-kaga, Simbar-sikhu, Kharbisikhu, Ulam-puriyas, Nazi-urdas, Mili-sikhu, and Kara-kharbi.  Nothing is known at present of the position which any of these monarchs held in the dynasty, or of their relationship to the kings previously mentioned, or to each other.  Most of them are known to us simply from their occurrence in a biliugual list of kings, together with Khammu-rabi, Kurri-galzu, and Purna-puriyas.  The list in question appears not to be chronological.

Modern research has thus supplied us with memorials (or at any rate with the names) of some thirty kings, who ruled in the country properly termed Chaldaea at a very remote date.  Their antiquity is evidenced by the character of their buildings and of their inscriptions, which are unmistakably rude and archaic.  It is further indicated by the fact that they are the builders of certainly the most ancient edifices whereof the country contains any trace.  The probable connection of two of them with the only king known previously from good authority to have reigned in the