Chapter, and had joined in making representations the
upshot of which was that the culprit was publicly and
ignominiously punished.[120] It is well-nigh incredible
that the Zuniga who championed Copernicus, and displays
vigilant self-restraint in his writings, should have
been guilty of such flightiness as is brought home
to his namesake; it is by no means inconceivable that
the Zuniga who deposed against Luis de Leon should
have been guilty of occasional lapses. He is
said to have been impetuous as well as vindictive;[121]
he had the dangerous gift of pulpit eloquence[122]
and may have acquired the trick of saying rather more
than he meant. His evidence against Luis de Leon,
though fluent and clear, is not what we should expect
from a man of talent, who recognized the gravity of
the charges against the prisoner. His testimony,
such as it is, has less intellectual substance than
the testimony of Castro and Medina; it turns mainly
on petty personal questions or on points of morbid
scrupulousness. The more closely his evidence
is scrutinized, the more difficult is it to avoid
the suspicion that Zuniga was not a perfectly trustworthy
witness. For instance, according to his sworn
statement he was thirty-six years old when he deposed
at Toledo on November 4, 1572.[123] The declaration
is made positively without any of the qualifying phrases—’about’,
‘nearly’, ’more or less’—so
frequent on the part of witnesses. Nevertheless,
it seems possible that this assertion is erroneous.
Zuniga refers to a discussion respecting Arias Montano
which he had with Luis de Leon in the latter’s
cell some thirteen years previously. At this
time Zuniga would, on his own showing, be but twenty-three.
From what we know of Luis de Leon, it seems improbable
that he would admit to his confidential intimacy a
man so much his junior. No doubt Zuniga (or Rodriguez)
was young at the time—hardly old enough,
by his own reckoning, to be an ordained priest—a
mancebo, as he seemed to Luis de Leon’s
retrospicient eyes.[124] Yet it is very hard to believe
that Zuniga was no more than twenty-three when he
took it upon himself to cast doubts on the orthodoxy
of Benito Arias Montano;[125] nor is it likely that
Luis de Leon would discuss so delicate a topic with
the most brilliant of youths. Let it not be said
that the question of Zuniga’s accuracy in stating
his age is relatively unimportant. It is highly
relevant; for, if Zuniga were capable of making a
mistake on such a point, he was manifestly more liable
to error when dealing with other matters on which
he necessarily knew less. However, Zuniga’s
evidence is not weighty enough to call for detailed
examination. He may be left to bear the burden
of Luis de Leon’s scorn. I am more concerned
here to suggest that, on the facts before us, we are
not compelled to identify the Zuniga who deposed against
Luis de Leon with a namesake of a higher intellectual
type. To us who read the testimony in cold blood,
more than three centuries after it was given, it seems
that Luis de Leon deals as impartially with his brethren
as with members of other religious orders. This
was not his intention, at any rate. He knew his
fellow-Augustinians better than he could know the rest,
and he himself tells us not obscurely that, out of
consideration for his gown, he was silent on various
matters which, if proclaimed aloud, would not make
for edification.[126]