[38] There is evidently a slip of some sort here, due either to mistranscription or to a slip between Messa’s hand and brain.  The sense seems to require some such phrase as “depositions were given with great fear.”

[39] There is a probable play on words here, the original reading asolar, literally, “destroy;” but the writer may have used it in the sense of “to deprive the earth of the sun,” in view of the succeeding remark, sol being the word for “sun.”

[40] This letter is published, in an abridged form, by Rev. Pablo Pastells, in his edition of Colin’s Labor evangelica, ii, pp. 688, 689; but he there dates the letter July 25, while the Sevilla MS. (here followed) makes it August, in 1621.

[41] The italic side heads and center heads throughout this letter appear in the margin of the original, and were made either by the archbishop himself or by a government clerk.

[42] i.e., guardianship:  the district allowed to each convent in which to beg.

[43] This last sentence is evidently the correction in the margin noted by the archbishop in the last clause of the present letter.

[44] The numbers given in the text (all written out in words, not figures) amount to 205,000.

[45] The numbers given in the text, for the various bishoprics, amount to 509,450.

[46] Conducted by the confraternity of that name; see letter of Audiencia regarding the objects and work of this association, in Vol.  XIV, pp. 208-313.  See also Dasmarinas’s account of the royal hospital, in Vol.  X, pp. 28-40.

[47] At that period the (new) Parian, as shown by a plan of 1641, was opposite the city of Manila on the other side of the Pasig River.  Evidently, then, the Chinese and Indians were obliged to pay tolls for crossing the river to the city.

[48] See Vol.  XIII, p. 185, note 33. Beca is most suitably translated “sleeves.”

[49] A decree of like tenor was sent to the Audiencia on the same date.  It is quite probable that similar decrees were sent to all the orders.

[50] Regarding this, Fajardo wrote thus to the king, on August 17, 1623 (a letter found in the Sevilla archives):  “The expedition to take possession of the gold mines of the Ygolotes, which border on peaceful lands of this island, has been accomplished, although it has entailed some expense, not a little labor, and some bloodshed; for those barbarians are so indomitable, and occupy fortifications, in which are Spaniards and Indians belonging to the peaceful vassals of your Majesty.  The indications of the mines, the disposition of the ridges, and the quality of the earth where they were, promise more richness than do the trials which have been made thus far by washing and separating the gold.  Until all the tests which are used for this purpose have been made, it can not be certainly said what their value, will be—­although it appears to me that that cannot