[38] The decree was of course granted by Felipe II, “your” being used merely as a set phrase to indicate the royal source of the decree.

[39] See Vol.  XVI, p. 60, note 31.

[40] April 25, 1610, the fight with Wittert, q.v. Vol.  XVII.

[41] See an account of his voyage in Vol.  XVII.

[42] Thus in the original, but evidently an error for “Chinese.”

[43] Cuatralbo:  the commander of four galleys.

[44] Translated:  “The earth is the Lord’s and the fulness thereof:  the world, and all they that dwell therein” (Ps. xxiv, v. 1).

[45] In the margin is written, in an ancient hand:  “For the singular veneration which the archduke of Borgona showed to the most holy sacrament of the eucharist.”

[46] Thus in the text (comprar); but the context would suggest that this was a slip for “sell.”

[47] In this connection may be cited the following statement from Sawyer’s Inhabitants of the Philippines, p. 129:  “The great wealth of the Archipelago is undoubtedly to be found in the development of its agriculture.  Although the Central and Ilocan Mountains in Luzon and parts of Mindanao are rich in gold, it is the fertile land, the heavy rainfall and the solar heat, that must be utilized to permanently enrich the country.  The land is there and the labour is there, and all that is wanting is capital, and a settled government ...  The sun, the rain, the soil, and the hardy Philippine farmer will do the rest—­a population equal to that of Java could live in affluence in the Philippines.”

See also Sawyer’s remarks (pp. 145-152) on gold and gold-mining in the islands.

[48] See the document, “Expeditions to Tuy,” at end of Vol.  XIV.

[49] The Augustinian Fray Miguel Garcia Serrano.

[50] An ancient Spanish coin, which in the time of Ferdinand and Isabella was worth 14 reals 14 maravedis of silver; but its value varied in subsequent reigns.  See the work of Fray Liciniano Saez, Monedas que corrian en Castilla durante el reynado del Sr.  D. Enrique IV (published by the Real Academia de la Historia, Madrid, 1805), pp. 408-426.

[51] In Spain the name cinamomo is popularly given to the Melia acedarak; but now in Manila that name is applied to a species of Lausonia, L. inermis.  This latter grows in Arabia and Egypt, and is cultivated in Europe; it is there called alchena or alhena, and its root is employed as a cosmetic by the Turks, and a paste of its leaves, known as henna, is used by them to dye the teeth or hair.  See Blanco’s Flora (ed. 1845), pp. 206, 241.

[52] Probably referring to the springs at Jigabo, province of Albay, the waters of which carry in solution a gelatinous silica, which is quickly incrusted on any object placed therein.  See Report of U.S.  Philippine Commission, 1900, iii, p. 222.