that the religious who ministered in the neighboring provinces were well informed, and certain Indians told them of it.  Accordingly, considering the host of vexations, injuries, and losses, and the diminution of numbers that are suffered by the Indians in all the Western Indias on account of the labor in the mines, the Order of St. Dominic especially, who administer the province of Pangasinan, have tried with all their might to cover up this information, on account of this fear which possesses them.

Many years ago I learned something of this, but I sided with the others who gave little credit to it, owing to the little knowledge that we had.  But as time is a great discloser of secrets, while I was discussing with some religious the difficulties of the future which the kings of Espana, the successors of your Majesty, must meet in maintaining this country if there were in the country itself no wealth or sources of profit which would oblige them to do so, I succeeded in securing a great deal of information concerning the wealth which is there.  Particularly, he who is now archbishop [49] told me that a religious of St. Dominic—­the vicar of a village named Vinalatonga, who was named Fray Jasinto Palao, and who at that time had come from Luzon to this kingdom [i.e., Espana]—­had shown him some rocks which an Indian had brought him from a mine, and which appeared extraordinarily rich, beyond anything that had been seen.  But he enjoined the bishop to secrecy, because he himself had heard it in the same manner.  I, who desired the preservation of that country, took occasion to make friends with that religious, in order to inform myself the better under pretence of curiosity.  I asked him to tell me what he knew of those mines, whereupon that religious (who was already en route for the return to the islands) told me that what he had said was true; and further he said:  “No one knows as much about those mines as I, because some Indians came down from the mountains and I entertained them.  They told me that there was a great deal of gold up there, and that of what they took from the mines, half the ore was gold.”  And he said that when one of them, who was already somewhat versed in our tongue, saw reals of eight, he said to him:  “We have much of this metal there, Father, much in the mines; but Indian wants nothing besides gold.”  I conferred with the bishop of Nueva Segovia (as that province falls under his jurisdiction), who was Don Fray Diego de Soria, a Dominican, and with another religious, the provincial of the same order, named Fray Bernardo de Santa Catalina, in regard to this matter; and I gave them so many arguments to incline them to my plan that they were brought to my way of thinking.  The most convincing argument which I used was to persuade them that the same reason did not hold there as in Nueva Espana and Piru, for ill-treating the Indians; for there are so many Chinese who are raising their hands to God to find something to work