in each a father and family to a very large number, so that in some we saw XXV and XXX souls.  Their food is like the others:  of pulse (which they produce with more system of culture than the others, observing the full moon, the rising of the Pleiades, and many customs derived from the ancients), also of the chase and fish.  They live a long time and rarely incur illness; if they are opprest with wounds, without crying they cure themselves by themselves with fire, their end being of old age.  We judge they are very compassionate and charitable toward their relatives, making them great lamentations in their adversities, in their grief calling to mind all their good fortunes.  The relatives, one with another, at the end of their life use the Sicilian lamentation, mingled with singing lasting a long time.  This is as much as we were able to learn about them.

The land is situated in the parallel of Rome, in forty and two-thirds degrees, but somewhat colder on account of chance and not on account of nature, as I will narrate to Your Majesty in another part, describing at present the situation of said port.  The shore of said land runs from west to east.  The mouth of the port looks toward the south, half a league wide, after entering which between east and north it extends XII leagues, where, widening itself, it makes an ample bay of about XX leagues in circuit.  In which are five little islands of much fertility and beauty, full of high and spreading trees, among which any numerous fleet, without fear of tempest or other impediment of fortune, could rest securely.  Turning thence toward the south to the entrance of the port, on one side and the other are very charming hills with many brooks, which from the height to the sea discharge clear waters, which on account of its beauty we called “Refugio.”

In the midst of the mouth is found a rock of Petra Viva produced by nature, adapted for the building of any desired engine or bulwark for its protection, which on account of the nature of the stone and on account of the family of a gentlewoman we called “La Petra Viva”; on whose right side at said mouth of the port is a promontory which we called “Jovio Promontory.”

Being supplied with our every necessity, the 6th day of May we departed from said port, following the shore, never losing sight of the land.  We sailed one hundred and fifty leagues, within which space we found shoals which extend from the continent into the sea 50 leagues.  Upon which there was over three feet of water; on account of which great danger in navigating it, we survived with difficulty and baptized it “Armellini,” finding it of the same nature and somewhat higher with some mountains, with a high promontory which we named “Pallavisino,"[7] which all indicated minerals.  We did not stop there because the favorableness of the weather served us in sailing along the coast:  we think it must conform to the other.  The shore ran to the east.