actually rotten.  Mass was over, and the priest was about to give them the parting benediction, when the floor went down with a terrific crash.  The result was dreadful.  The priest and a great many of the congregation were killed on the spot, and a vast number of them wounded and maimed for life.  The Protestant inhabitants of Dublin sympathized deeply with the sufferers, whom they relieved and succored as far as in them lay, and, by their remonstrances, Government was shamed into a more human administration of the laws.

In order to satisfy our readers that we have not overdrawn our picture of what the Catholics suffered in those unhappy times, we shall give a quotation from the.  Messrs. Chambers, of Edinburgh, themselves fair and liberal men, and as impartial as they are able and well informed: 

“Since the pacification of Limerick, Ireland had been ruled exclusively by the Protestant party, who, under the influence of feelings arising from local and religious antipathies, had visited the Catholics with many severities.  The oath which had excluded the Catholics from office had been followed, in 1698, by an Act of the Irish Parliament, commanding all Romish priests to leave the kingdom, under the penalty of transportation, a return from which was to be punishable by death.  Another law decreed forfeiture of property and civil rights to all who should send their children abroad to be educated in the Catholic faith."*

     * “History and Present State of the British Empire.” 
     Edinburgh, W. and R. Chambers.

Can any reasonable person be in doubt for a moment that those laws were laws of extermination?  In the meantime, let us hear the Messrs. Chambers further: 

“After the death of William, who was much opposed to severities on account of religion, Acts of still greater rigor were passed for preventing the growth of Popery.  Any child of a Roman Catholic who should declare himself a Protestant was entitled to become the heir of his estate, the father merely holding it for his lifetime, and having no command over it.  Catholics were made incapable of succeeding to Protestants, and lands, passing over them, were to go to the next Protestant heir.  Catholic parents were prevented from being guardians,to their own children; no Protestant possessing property was to be permitted to marry a Catholic; and Catholics were rendered incapable of purchasing landed property or enjoying long leases.  These measures naturally rendered the Catholics discontented I subjects, and led to much turbulence.  The common people of that persuasion, being denied all access to justice, took it into their own hands, and acquired all those lawless habits for which they have since been remarkable.  Treachery, cruelty, and all the lower passions, were called into vigorous exercise.  Even the Protestants, for their own sakes, were often obliged to connive at the evasion of laws so extremely severe, and which introduced much difficulty in their