Undoubtedly that varying compound of some of the best and some of the worst elements of Paganism and Judaism, moulded in practice by the innate character of certain people of the Western world, which, since the second century, has assumed to itself the title of orthodox Christianity, “rests on miracles” and falls to the ground, not “if miracles be impossible,” but if those to which it is committed prove themselves unable to fulfil the conditions of honest belief.  That this Christianity is doomed to fall is, to my mind, beyond a doubt; but its fall will be neither sudden nor speedy.  The Church, with all the aid lent it by the secular arm, took many centuries to extirpate the open practice of pagan idolatry within its own fold; and those who have travelled in southern Europe will be aware that it has not extirpated the essence of such idolatry even yet. Mutato nomine, it is probable that there is as much sheer fetichism among the Roman populace now as there was eighteen hundred years ago; and if Marcus Antonius could descend from his horse and ascend the steps of the Ara Coeli church about Twelfth Day, the only thing that need strike him would be the extremely contemptible character of the modern idols as works of art.

Science will certainly neither ask for, nor receive, the aid of the secular arm.  It will trust to the much better and more powerful help of that education in scientific truth and in the morals of assent, which is rendered as indispensable, as it is inevitable, by the permeation of practical life with the products and ideas of science.  But no one who considers the present state of even the most developed countries can doubt that the scientific light that has come into the world will have to shine in the midst of darkness for a long time.  The urban populations, driven into contact with science by trade and manufacture, will more and more receive it, while the pagani will lag behind.  Let us hope that no Julian may arise among them to head a forlorn hope against the inevitable.  Whatever happens, science may bide her time in patience and in confidence.

But to return to my “Anonymous.”  I am afraid that if he represents any great party in the Church, the spirit of justice and reasonableness which animates the three bishops has as slender a chance of being imitated, on a large scale, as their common sense and their courtesy.  For, not contented with misrepresenting science on its speculative side, “Anonymous” attacks its morality.

For two whole years, investigations and conclusions which would upset the theories of Darwin on the formation of coral islands were actually suppressed, and that by the advice even of those who accepted them, for fear of upsetting the faith and disturbing the judgment formed by the multitude on the scientific character—­the infallibility—­of the great master!

So far as I know anything about the matters which are here referred to, the part of this passage which